固态纳米孔阵列：制造与应用,Small

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固态纳米孔阵列：制造与应用
Small ( IF 13.0 ) Pub Date : 2022-12-05 , DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205680
Hongshuai Liu ₁ , Qin Zhou ₂ , Wei Wang ₃ , Fengzhou Fang _{1,

4} , Jufan Zhang ₁

Affiliation

纳米孔为各个工业领域的各种潜在应用带来了非凡的特性。自2001年固态纳米孔的制备首次被报道以来，固态纳米孔成为近年来的研究热点。越来越多的制造方法被报道，尺寸不断减小，从开始的数百纳米到最近的 ≈1 纳米。为了实现行业所需的更稳健、灵敏和可靠的设备，研究人员开始探索制造纳米孔阵列的可能方法，这对制造效率、准确性和可重复性、适用材料和成本提出了前所未有的挑战。因此，纳米孔阵列制备的探索仍处于起步阶段，存在各种瓶颈。在本文中，总结了各种制造纳米孔的方法及其可实现的形貌、尺寸、用于表征主要特征的内部结构，并在此基础上进一步解决了纳米孔阵列的制造问题。为了更具体地了解纳米孔阵列的潜在应用，介绍了一些具有代表性的实践，例如 DNA/RNA 测序、能量转换和储存、海水淡化、纳米传感器、纳米反应器和透析。

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Solid-State Nanopore Array: Manufacturing and Applications

Nanopore brings extraordinary properties for a variety of potential applications in various industrial sectors. Since manufacturing of solid-state nanopore is first reported in 2001, solid-state nanopore has become a hot topic in the recent years. An increasing number of manufacturing methods have been reported, with continuously decreased sizes from hundreds of nanometers at the beginning to ≈1 nm until recently. To enable more robust, sensitive, and reliable devices required by the industry, researchers have started to explore the possible methods to manufacture nanopore array which presents unprecedented challenges on the fabrication efficiency, accuracy and repeatability, applicable materials, and cost. As a result, the exploration of fabrication of nanopore array is still in the fledging period with various bottlenecks. In this article, a wide range of methods of manufacturing nanopores are summarized along with their achievable morphologies, sizes, inner structures for characterizing the main features, based on which the manufacturing of nanopore array is further addressed. To give a more specific idea on the potential applications of nanopore array, some representative practices are introduced such as DNA/RNA sequencing, energy conversion and storage, water desalination, nanosensors, nanoreactors, and dialysis.

更新日期：2022-12-05

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