用于人脑研究的脑类器官技术的最新进展,ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

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用于人脑研究的脑类器官技术的最新进展
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-12-05 , DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17467
Eunseon Jeong ₁ , Suah Choi ₁ , Seung-Woo Cho _{1,

2,

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Affiliation

脑类器官是具有类脑细胞类型和结构的自组装三维聚集体，已成为可用于研究人类神经发育和神经系统疾病的新模型系统。然而，由于培养系统的局限性，发育模式信号不足，以及缺乏对大脑发育和功能至关重要的成分，如非神经细胞群和脉管系统，大脑类器官不如真正的人脑成熟和功能强大。此外，建立所需的类脑环境并监测复杂的神经网络和脑类器官的生理功能仍然具有挑战性。由于大脑类器官自发自组织到大脑的复杂结构中，目前生成大脑类器官的方案也存在异质性和批次变异的问题。为了解决当前大脑类器官技术的这些局限性，各种工程平台，如细胞外基质、流体装置、三维生物打印、生物反应器、聚合物支架、微电极和生化传感器，已被用于改善神经元的发育和成熟，减少结构异质性，并促进功能分析和监测。在这篇综述中，我们概述了克服脑类器官生产和应用中这些局限性的最新工程技术。为了解决当前大脑类器官技术的这些局限性，各种工程平台，如细胞外基质、流体装置、三维生物打印、生物反应器、聚合物支架、微电极和生化传感器，已被用于改善神经元的发育和成熟，减少结构异质性，并促进功能分析和监测。在这篇综述中，我们概述了克服脑类器官生产和应用中这些局限性的最新工程技术。为了解决当前大脑类器官技术的这些局限性，各种工程平台，如细胞外基质、流体装置、三维生物打印、生物反应器、聚合物支架、微电极和生化传感器，已被用于改善神经元的发育和成熟，减少结构异质性，并促进功能分析和监测。在这篇综述中，我们概述了克服脑类器官生产和应用中这些局限性的最新工程技术。减少结构异质性，并促进功能分析和监测。在这篇综述中，我们概述了克服脑类器官生产和应用中这些局限性的最新工程技术。减少结构异质性，并促进功能分析和监测。在这篇综述中，我们概述了克服脑类器官生产和应用中这些局限性的最新工程技术。

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Recent Advances in Brain Organoid Technology for Human Brain Research

Brain organoids are self-assembled three-dimensional aggregates with brain-like cell types and structures and have emerged as new model systems that can be used to investigate human neurodevelopment and neurological disorders. However, brain organoids are not as mature and functional as real human brains due to limitations of the culture system with insufficient developmental patterning signals and a lack of components that are important for brain development and function, such as the non-neural population and vasculature. In addition, establishing the desired brain-like environment and monitoring the complex neural networks and physiological functions of the brain organoids remain challenging. The current protocols to generate brain organoids also have problems with heterogeneity and batch variation due to spontaneous self-organization of brain organoids into complex architectures of the brain. To address these limitations of current brain organoid technologies, various engineering platforms, such as extracellular matrices, fluidic devices, three-dimensional bioprinting, bioreactors, polymeric scaffolds, microelectrodes, and biochemical sensors, have been employed to improve neuronal development and maturation, reduce structural heterogeneity, and facilitate functional analysis and monitoring. In this review, we provide an overview of the latest engineering techniques that overcome these limitations in the production and application of brain organoids.

更新日期：2022-12-05

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