With the rapid development of biomaterials and biotechnologies, various functional materials-based drug delivery systems (DDS) are developed to overcome the limitations of traditional drug release formulations, such as uncontrollable drug concentration in target organs/tissues and unavoidable adverse reactions. Polymer nanofibers exhibit promising characteristics including easy preparation, adjustable features of wettability and elasticity, tailored surface and interface properties, and surface-to-volume ratio, and are used to develop new DDS. Different kinds of drugs can be incorporated into the polymer nanofibers. Additionally, their release kinetics can be modulated via the preparation components, component proportions, and preparation processes, enabling their applications in several fields. A timely and comprehensive summary of polymeric nanofibers for DDS is thus highly needed. This review first describes the common methods for polymer nanofiber fabrication, followed by introducing controlled techniques for drug loading into and release from polymer nanofibers. Thus, the applications of polymer nanofibers in drug delivery were summarized, particularly focusing on the relation between the physiochemical properties of polymeric nanofibers and their DDS performance. It is ended by listing future perspectives.

随着生物材料和生物技术的快速发展，各种基于功能材料的药物递送系统（DDS）被开发出来以克服传统药物释放制剂的局限性，例如靶器官/组织中药物浓度不可控和不可避免的不良反应。聚合物纳米纤维表现出有前途的特性，包括易于制备、润湿性和弹性的可调节特性、定制的表面和界面特性以及表面积与体积比，并用于开发新的 DDS。可以将不同种类的药物掺入聚合物纳米纤维中。此外，它们的释放动力学可以通过制备组分、组分比例和制备过程进行调节，从而使其在多个领域得到应用。因此，非常需要对用于 DDS 的聚合物纳米纤维进行及时和全面的总结。本综述首先介绍了聚合物纳米纤维制造的常用方法，然后介绍了药物在聚合物纳米纤维中的加载和释放的受控技术。因此，总结了聚合物纳米纤维在药物递送中的应用，特别关注聚合物纳米纤维的理化性质与其DDS性能之间的关系。它以列出未来的观点结束。特别关注聚合物纳米纤维的理化性质与其 DDS 性能之间的关系。它以列出未来的观点结束。特别关注聚合物纳米纤维的理化性质与其 DDS 性能之间的关系。它以列出未来的观点结束。