ABSTRACT

Africa has the world’s fastest rate of population expansion, making it vulnerable to food shortages. Africa cultivates two types of rice (Asian rice; Oryza sativa and African rice; Oryza glaberrima). Native African rice called O. glaberrima has some intriguing characteristics, including resistance to several biotic and abiotic regional restrictions in Africa. However, O. glaberrima is solely employed as a tool to increase the production of O. sativa, which cannot grow in Africa, due to its low yield, lodging, grain breaking, and poor tissue culture ability. Enhancing breeding efforts for O. glaberrima is therefore critically important. The protocols for transformation and regeneration, however, are mostly for O. sativa and not O. glaberrima. This study examines the present problems with transformation and regeneration for African rice species as well as potential solutions for using modern breeding methods in O. glaberrima.

摘要

非洲拥有世界上最快的人口增长速度，因此很容易受到粮食短缺的影响。非洲种植两种水稻（亚洲水稻；Oryza sativa和非洲水稻；Oryza glaberrima）。称为O. glaberrima的非洲本土水稻具有一些有趣的特性，包括对非洲几种生物和非生物区域限制的抵抗力。然而，O. glaberrima仅被用作增加O. sativa产量的工具，由于其产量低，倒伏，谷物破碎和组织培养能力差，因此无法在非洲种植。加强O. glaberrima的育种工作因此至关重要。然而，转化和再生的方案主要针对O. sativa而不是O. glaberrima。本研究探讨了目前非洲水稻品种转化和再生的问题，以及在O. glaberrima中使用现代育种方法的潜在解决方案。