Lipid droplets (LDs) and lysosomes serve as important subcellular organelles, which plays an important role in a variety of physiological processes. The components in lipid droplets can be degraded by lysosomes, so it is of great value to study the relationship between LDs and lysosomes. However, few polymer fluorescent probes targeting both lipid droplets and lysosomes have been reported. Therefore, we developed a novel polyethylene glycol fluorescent probe PEG-Nap-Lyso that could be applied to simultaneously track lysosomes and lipid droplets. PEG-Nap-Lyso was able to not only track cells in different physiological environments, but also differentiate live cells from dead cells by changes in the polarity of the intracellular microenvironment. In addition, the probe showed the advantages of amphiphilicity, pH resistance, high selectivity, good stability (3600 s), low biotoxicity and large Stokes shift (167 nm). These excellent properties made the fluorescent probe PEG-Nap-Lyso provided an effective way to study the relationship between LDs and lysosomes.

脂滴（LDs）和溶酶体作为重要的亚细胞器，在多种生理过程中起着重要作用。脂滴中的成分可被溶酶体降解，因此研究脂滴与溶酶体的关系具有重要价值。然而，很少有针对脂滴和溶酶体的聚合物荧光探针的报道。因此，我们开发了一种新型聚乙二醇荧光探针PEG-Nap-Lyso，可用于同时追踪溶酶体和脂滴。PEG-Nap-Lyso不仅能够追踪不同生理环境中的细胞，还能通过改变细胞内微环境的极性来区分活细胞和死细胞。此外，该探针具有两亲性、耐pH、选择性高、稳定性好（3600 s）、生物毒性低和斯托克斯位移大（167 nm）等优点。这些优异的特性使得荧光探针PEG-Nap-Lyso为研究LDs与溶酶体之间的关系提供了一种有效的途径。