Controlled Desiccation of Preprinted Hydrogel Scaffolds Toward Complex 3D Microarchitectures,Advanced Materials

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Controlled Desiccation of Preprinted Hydrogel Scaffolds Toward Complex 3D Microarchitectures
Advanced Materials ( IF 27.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-11-25 , DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207388
Chen Cui ₁ , Huai-Ling Gao ₁ , Ze-Yu Wang ₁ , Shao-Meng Wen ₁ , Lin-Jun Wang ₁ , Xiwen Fan ₂ , Xinglong Gong ₂ , Shu-Hong Yu _{1,

2,

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Affiliation

Additive manufacturing (AM) is the key to creating a wide variety of 3D structures with unique and programmable functionalities. Direct ink writing is one of the widely used AM technologies with numerous printable materials. However, the extrude-based method is limited by low fabrication resolution, which is confined to printing macrostructures. Herein, a new AM strategy is reported, using a low-cost extrusion 3D printer, to create 3D microarchitectures at the macroscopic level through controlled desiccation of preprinted hydrogel scaffolds followed by infilling objective components. A printable hydrogel with a high-water content ensures maximum shrinkage (≈99.5% in volume) of the printed scaffolds to achieve high resolution. Stable covalent cross-linking and a suitable drying rate enable uniform shrinkage of the scaffolds to retain their original architectures. Particularly, this method can be adapted to produce liquid-metal-based 3D circuits and nanocomposite-based microrobots, indicating its capability to fabricate functional and complex 3D architectures with micron-level resolution from different material systems.

中文翻译：

预印水凝胶支架向复杂 3D 微结构的可控干燥

增材制造 (AM) 是创建各种具有独特和可编程功能的 3D 结构的关键。直接墨水书写是广泛使用的 AM 技术之一，可打印材料众多。然而，基于挤出的方法受到低制造分辨率的限制，这仅限于打印宏观结构。在此，报告了一种新的 AM 策略，使用低成本挤压 3D 打印机，通过预印水凝胶支架的受控干燥，然后填充目标组件，在宏观层面创建 3D 微结构。含水量高的可打印水凝胶可确保打印支架的最大收缩率（约 99.5% 体积），以实现高分辨率。稳定的共价交联和合适的干燥速率使支架均匀收缩以保留其原始结构。特别是，这种方法可以适用于生产基于液态金属的 3D 电路和基于纳米复合材料的微型机器人，表明它能够从不同的材料系统制造具有微米级分辨率的功能性和复杂的 3D 架构。

更新日期：2022-11-25

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