The survival adaptation of bacteria in saline soil is poor. The bilayer microcapsules were prepared by secondary embedding of monolayer sodium alginate (NaAlg) - bentonite (Bent) - sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) microcapsules wrapped with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Pseudomonas putida Rs-198 by chitosan solution to promote the synergistic effect of bilayer microencapsulation and PGPR. The characterization of the Rs-198 bilayer microcapsules showed that the amino and carboxyl groups were cross-linked and a thin layer of chitosan was formed on the outside of the microcapsule. The bilayer microcapsule (Ch-d) with a chitosan concentration of 0.8 wt% and pH 6 showed a slow release of bacteria with a maximum release of 6.06 × 10⁹ cfu/g on the 7th day. The viable bacteria of Ch-d increased by 4.42% after 60 days of storage compared with monolayer microcapsules. The 0.9 wt% l-cysteine, 10 wt% glycerinum, 10 wt% trehalose and 12 wt% soluble starch were added as bacterial protective agents during the process of preparing the Ch-d lyophilized bacterial inoculant (Ch-d LBI). Pot experiments showed that Ch-d LBI exhibited better growth promotion of Capsicum annuum L. under salt stress. Therefore, the bilayer microcapsule as slow-release bacterial inoculant is a potential alternative for sustainable agriculture.

细菌在盐渍土中的生存适应性较差。通过壳聚糖溶液二次包埋单层海藻酸钠（NaAlg）-膨润土（Bent）-羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC）微胶囊包裹植物促生根际细菌（PGPR）恶臭假单胞菌Rs-198制备双层微胶囊，促进双层微囊化和 PGPR。Rs-198双层微胶囊的表征表明，氨基和羧基发生交联，微胶囊外部形成一层薄薄的壳聚糖。壳聚糖浓度为 0.8 wt% 和 pH 6 的双层微胶囊 (Ch-d) 显示细菌缓慢释放，最大释放量为 6.06 × 10 ⁹ cfu/g on the 7th day. The viable bacteria of Ch-d increased by 4.42% after 60 days of storage compared with monolayer microcapsules. The 0.9 wt% l-cysteine, 10 wt% glycerinum, 10 wt% trehalose and 12 wt% soluble starch were added as bacterial protective agents during the process of preparing the Ch-d lyophilized bacterial inoculant (Ch-d LBI). Pot experiments showed that Ch-d LBI exhibited better growth promotion of Capsicum annuum L. under salt stress. Therefore, the bilayer microcapsule as slow-release bacterial inoculant is a potential alternative for sustainable agriculture.