Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) with high energy density have been drawn the tremendous interests in academia as well as industry. Nevertheless, sluggish redox kinetics of sulfur species has been challenging for high performance LSBs. The design of catalytic materials, being a promising strategy for kinetics modulation by controlling polysulfides conversion, has been mainly focused. To improve battery performance of LSBs, in this review, the effect of functional catalysts with different morphologies, crystal configurations, energy band behaviors, coordination environments on kinetics modulation was summarized. Furthermore, some optimized bidirectional catalysts were mainly addressed to deeply understand appropriate adsorption capacity, prominent mass transfer capability, outstanding catalytic activity/selectivity. In addition, a great quantity of cutting-edge strategies, such as structure engineering, defect, interface engineering and atomic bonding for metal compounds as well as metal-based single atom catalysts, were proposed to uncover the synthesis behaviors of optimum bidirectional catalysts. Eventually, various advanced characterization methods were provided to evaluate catalysis. It is believed that this review will provide a novel insight for the design of bidirectional catalysts with high activity, high catalytic selectivity, long lifespan toward high-performance LSBs.

具有高能量密度的锂硫电池（LSB）引起了学术界和工业界的极大兴趣。然而，硫物种缓慢的氧化还原动力学一直对高性能 LSB 具有挑战性。催化材料的设计是通过控制多硫化物转化来进行动力学调节的一种有前途的策略，一直受到关注。为了提高 LSBs 的电池性能，在这篇综述中，总结了具有不同形态、晶体构型、能带行为、配位环境对动力学调制的功能催化剂的影响。此外，一些优化的双向催化剂主要用于深入了解适当的吸附容量、突出的传质能力、突出的催化活性/选择性。此外，提出了大量前沿策略，如金属化合物的结构工程、缺陷、界面工程和原子键合以及金属基单原子催化剂，以揭示最佳双向催化剂的合成行为。最终，提供了各种先进的表征方法来评估催化作用。相信这篇综述将为设计具有高活性、高催化选择性、长寿命的高性能 LSB 的双向催化剂提供新的见解。提供了各种先进的表征方法来评估催化作用。相信这篇综述将为设计具有高活性、高催化选择性、长寿命的高性能 LSB 的双向催化剂提供新的见解。提供了各种先进的表征方法来评估催化作用。相信这篇综述将为设计具有高活性、高催化选择性、长寿命的高性能 LSB 的双向催化剂提供新的见解。