Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2022-11-16 , DOI: 10.1007/s11910-022-01242-2
Merve Fritsch 1 , Ida Rangus 2, 3 , Christian H Nolte 2, 3
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Purpose of Review
Thalamic aphasia is a rare language disorder resulting from lesions to the thalamus. While most patients exhibit mild symptoms with a predominance of lexical-semantic difficulties, variations in phenotype have been described. Overall, the exact mechanisms of thalamic aphasia await empirical research. The article reviews recent findings regarding phenotypes and possible underlying mechanisms of thalamic aphasia.
Recent Findings
Variations in phenotype of thalamic aphasia may be related to different lesion locations. Overall, the thalamus’ role in language is thought to be due to its involvement in cortico-thalamic language networks with lesioning of certain nuclei resulting in the diachisis of otherwise interconnected areas. Its possible monitoring function in such a network might be due to its different cellular firing modes. However, no specific evidence has been collected to date.
Summary
While recent findings show a more distinct understanding of thalamic aphasia phenotypes and possible underlying mechanisms, further research is needed. Additionally, as standard language testing might oftentimes not pick up on its subtle symptoms, thalamic aphasia might be underdiagnosed.
中文翻译:
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丘脑失语症:回顾
审查目的
丘脑性失语症是一种罕见的语言障碍,由丘脑损伤引起。虽然大多数患者表现出轻微的症状,主要是词汇语义困难,但已经描述了表型的变化。总的来说,丘脑失语的确切机制有待实证研究。这篇文章回顾了最近关于丘脑失语症的表型和可能的潜在机制的发现。
最近的发现
丘脑失语表型的变化可能与不同的病变部位有关。总的来说,丘脑在语言中的作用被认为是由于它参与了皮质-丘脑语言网络,其中某些核的损伤导致其他相互连接区域的 diachisis。它在这种网络中可能的监控功能可能是由于其不同的蜂窝发射模式。但是,迄今为止尚未收集到具体证据。
概括
虽然最近的研究结果表明对丘脑失语症表型和可能的潜在机制有了更明确的理解,但还需要进一步研究。此外,由于标准语言测试通常无法发现其细微的症状,因此丘脑性失语症可能未得到充分诊断。