环境 DNA 生物监测揭示了水坝和营养物富集对水生多营养群落的相互作用,Environmental Science & Technology

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环境 DNA 生物监测揭示了水坝和营养物富集对水生多营养群落的相互作用
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2022-11-16 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c06919
Feilong Li _{1,

2} , Fen Guo ₁ , Wei Gao ₁ , Yanpeng Cai _{1,

2} , Yuan Zhang ₁ , Zhifeng Yang _{1,

2}

Affiliation

大坝建设和养分富集是全球河流中两个普遍存在的压力因素，会引发生物多样性和生态系统服务的急剧下降。然而，这两种压力源对多营养生物分类群的交互作用在很大程度上仍不清楚。在这里，我们使用环境 DNA (eDNA) 方法捕获的多营养数据集，从分类学 α 多样性、β 多样性和食物网等方面揭示水坝与水生群落营养富集之间的相互作用。首先，我们的数据表明，水坝和养分富集共同塑造了四个河流系统中水生群落的独特空间格局，并且在两种压力源下群落结构的差异性显着下降（即结构同质化）。第二，水坝和营养物质共同解释了水生群落 40-50% 的变化，水坝对鱼类、水生昆虫和细菌的影响更大，而营养物质对原生动物、真菌和真核藻类的驱动力更强。最后，我们发现水坝和养分富集的加性、协同和拮抗相互作用在河流系统中很常见并共存，导致水生食物网显着简化，模块化（协同）和稳健性（加性）降低，连贯性增加（协同）。总的来说，我们的研究强调，基于 eDNA 的数据集可以提供多营养观点，以促进对多种压力源对河流的相互作用影响的理解。然而，营养素具有更强的驱动原生动物、真菌和真核藻类的能力。最后，我们发现水坝和养分富集的加性、协同和拮抗相互作用在河流系统中很常见并共存，导致水生食物网显着简化，模块化（协同）和稳健性（加性）降低，连贯性增加（协同）。总的来说，我们的研究强调，基于 eDNA 的数据集可以提供多营养观点，以促进对多种压力源对河流的相互作用影响的理解。然而，营养素具有更强的驱动原生动物、真菌和真核藻类的能力。最后，我们发现水坝和养分富集的加性、协同和拮抗相互作用在河流系统中很常见并共存，导致水生食物网显着简化，模块化（协同）和稳健性（加性）降低，连贯性增加（协同）。总的来说，我们的研究强调，基于 eDNA 的数据集可以提供多营养观点，以促进对多种压力源对河流的相互作用影响的理解。随着模块化（协同）和鲁棒性（加性）的降低以及连贯性（协同）的增加。总的来说，我们的研究强调，基于 eDNA 的数据集可以提供多营养观点，以促进对多种压力源对河流的相互作用影响的理解。随着模块化（协同）和鲁棒性（加性）的降低以及连贯性（协同）的增加。总的来说，我们的研究强调，基于 eDNA 的数据集可以提供多营养观点，以促进对多种压力源对河流的相互作用影响的理解。

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Environmental DNA Biomonitoring Reveals the Interactive Effects of Dams and Nutrient Enrichment on Aquatic Multitrophic Communities

Dam construction and nutrient enrichment are two pervasive stressors in rivers worldwide, which trigger a sharp decline in biodiversity and ecosystem services. However, the interactive effects of both stressors on multitrophic taxonomic groups remain largely unclear. Here, we used the multitrophic datasets captured by the environmental DNA (eDNA) approach to reveal the interactions between dams and nutrient enrichment on aquatic communities from the aspects of taxonomic α diversity, β diversity, and food webs. First, our data showed that dams and nutrient enrichment jointly shaped a unique spatial pattern of aquatic communities across the four river systems, and the dissimilarity of community structure significantly declined (i.e., structural homogenization) under both stressors. Second, dams and nutrients together explained 40–50% of the variations in aquatic communities, and dams had a stronger impact on fish, aquatic insects, and bacteria, yet nutrients had a stronger power to drive protozoa, fungi, and eukaryotic algae. Finally, we found that additive, synergistic, and antagonistic interactions of dams and nutrient enrichment were common and coexisted in river systems and led to significantly simplified aquatic food webs, with decreases in modularity (synergistic) and robustness (additive) and an increase in coherence (synergistic). Overall, our study highlights that eDNA-based datasets can provide multitrophic perspectives for fostering the understanding of the interactive effects of multiple stressors on rivers.

更新日期：2022-11-16

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