塑料薄膜在农业生产中的广泛使用导致土壤中积累了大量残留的塑料薄膜，大部分塑料残留物最终分解成微塑料（MPs）。然而，不同的薄膜覆盖方法对土壤生态系统的影响在很大程度上尚未得到探索。为此，我们研究了不同覆膜方式覆盖的农田土壤耕作层中MPs的分布及其理化性质和微生物群落结构。结果表明，覆膜方式对土壤pH值和有机质含量无显着影响，但覆膜土壤（MF）（60.11~84.99 μg/g）和棚膜（SF）土壤的呼吸强度(56.10–65.68 μg/g) 显着高于覆膜 & 地膜 (SMF)（17.25–39.16 微克/克）。覆盖 MF 的土壤中 MPs 丰度（1367 颗粒/kg 土壤）显着高于覆盖 SF 的土壤（800 颗粒/kg 土壤），略高于覆盖 SMF 的土壤（1000 颗粒/kg 土壤）。小尺寸（0-0.5 mm）MPs丰度随耕层深度（0-20 cm）增加而增加，而大尺寸（1-5 mm）MPs丰度则相反。此外，在农膜覆盖的土壤中，细菌的优势门和属是变形杆菌（相对丰度为64.06 %）和 5 mm) MPs 丰度随着耕层深度（0-20 cm）增加而增加，而大尺寸（1-5 mm）MPs 丰度则相反。此外，在农膜覆盖的土壤中，细菌的优势门和属是变形杆菌（相对丰度为64.06 %）和 5 mm) MPs 丰度随着耕层深度（0-20 cm）增加而增加，而大尺寸（1-5 mm）MPs 丰度则相反。此外，在农膜覆盖的土壤中，细菌的优势门和属是变形杆菌（相对丰度为64.06 %）和分别为假单胞菌(13.16 %)。在未施农膜对照处理的土壤中，土壤细菌群落多样性高于覆膜土壤，前10个属的相对丰度均小于5%。总的来说，这项研究为了解不同薄膜覆盖方法对农业系统的影响提供了重要信息。总体而言，本研究为了解不同覆膜方法对 MPs 分布和农田土壤生物地球化学性质的影响提供了重要信息。
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Microplastics distribution and microbial community characteristics of farmland soil under different mulch methods
The widespread use of plastic film in agricultural production has resulted in the accumulation of large amounts of residual plastic film in the soil, and most of the plastic residuals eventually break up into microplastics (MPs). However, the effects of different film mulching methods on the soil ecosystems are largely unexplored. Therefore, we investigated the MPs distribution and the physicochemical properties and microbial community structure in the farmland soil tillage layer covered with different mulching method of film. The results indicate that the film mulching method had no significant effect on the soil pH and organic matter content, however, the respiration intensity of the soil covered with mulching film (MF) (60.11–84.99 μg/g) and shed film (SF) (56.10–65.68 μg/g) was significantly higher than that covered with shed film & mulching film (SMF) (17.25–39.16 μg/g). The MPs abundance in the soil covered with MF (1367 particles/kg soil) was significantly higher than that covered with SF (800 particles/kg soil) and slightly higher than that with SMF (1000 particles/kg soil). The small-sized (0–0.5 mm) MPs abundance was increased with the tillage layer depth (0–20 cm), while the large-sized (1–5 mm) MPs abundance was the opposite. In addition, in the soil covered with agricultural film, the dominant phylum and genera of the bacteria were Proteobacteria (relative abundance was 64.06 %) and Pseudomonas (13.16 %), respectively. In the soil without agricultural film application as a control treatment, the diversity of the soil bacterial community was higher than that in the soil covered with agricultural film, and the relative abundances of the top 10 genera were all less than 5 %. Overall, this study provides essential information for understanding the effects of different film mulching methods on the agricultural systems. Overall, this study provides essential information for understanding the effects of different film mulching methods on the distribution of MPs and the biogeochemical properties of farmland soils.
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