Heavy metal ions (HMIs) are known to cause severe damages to the human body and ecological environment. And considering the current alarming situation, it is crucial to develop a rapid, sensitive, robust, economical and convenient method for their detection. Screen printed electrochemical technology contributes greatly to this task, and has achieved global attention. It enabled the mass transmission rate and demonstrated ability to control the chemical nature of the measure media. Besides, the technique offers advantages like linear output, quick response, high selectivity, sensitivity and stability along with low power requirement and high signal-to-noise ratio. Recently, the performance of SPEs has been improved employing the most effective and promising method of the incorporation of different nanomaterials into SPEs. Especially, in electrochemical sensors, the incorporation of nanomaterials has gained extensive attention for HMIs detection as it exhibits outstanding features like broad electrochemical window, large surface area, high conductivity, selectivity and stability. The present review focuses on the recent progress in the field of screen-printed electrochemical sensors for HMIs detection using nanomaterials. Different fabrication methods of SPEs and their utilization for real sample analysis of HMIs using various nanomaterials have been extensively discussed. Additionally, advancement made in this field is also discussed taking help of the recent literature.

中文翻译：

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用于环境监测重金属离子检测的丝网印刷电化学传感器

众所周知，重金属离子 (HMI) 会对人体和生态环境造成严重损害。考虑到目前令人担忧的情况，开发一种快速、灵敏、稳健、经济和方便的检测方法至关重要。丝网印刷电化学技术为此任务做出了巨大贡献，并获得了全球关注。它实现了质量传输率，并展示了控制测量介质化学性质的能力。此外，该技术还具有输出线性、响应速度快、选择性高、灵敏度高、稳定性好、功耗低、信噪比高等优点。最近，采用最有效和最有前途的方法将不同的纳米材料结合到 SPE 中，SPE 的性能得到了改善。尤其，在电化学传感器中，纳米材料的结合在HMIs检测中得到了广泛的关注，因为它具有宽电化学窗口、大表面积、高电导率、选择性和稳定性等突出特性。本综述重点介绍了使用纳米材料进行 HMI 检测的丝网印刷电化学传感器领域的最新进展。已经广泛讨论了 SPE 的不同制造方法及其在使用各种纳米材料的 HMI 实际样品分析中的应用。此外，在最近的文献的帮助下，还讨论了该领域取得的进展。选择性和稳定性。本综述重点介绍了使用纳米材料进行 HMI 检测的丝网印刷电化学传感器领域的最新进展。已经广泛讨论了 SPE 的不同制造方法及其在使用各种纳米材料的 HMI 实际样品分析中的应用。此外，在最近的文献的帮助下，还讨论了该领域取得的进展。选择性和稳定性。本综述重点介绍了使用纳米材料进行 HMI 检测的丝网印刷电化学传感器领域的最新进展。已经广泛讨论了 SPE 的不同制造方法及其在使用各种纳米材料的 HMI 实际样品分析中的应用。此外，在最近的文献的帮助下，还讨论了该领域取得的进展。