Wastewater recycling is a solution to address the global water shortage. Phenols are major pollutants in wastewater, and they are toxic even at very low concentrations. Advanced oxidation process (AOP) is an emerging technique for the effective degradation and mineralization of phenols into water. Herein, we aim at giving an insight into the current state of the art in persulfate-based AOP for the oxidation of phenols using metal/metal-oxide and carbon-based materials. Special attention has been paid to the design strategies of high-performance catalysts, and their advantages and drawbacks are discussed. Finally, the key challenges that govern the implementation of persulfate-based AOP catalysts in water purification, in terms of cost and environmental friendliness, are summarized and possible solutions are proposed. This work is expected to help the selection of the optimal strategy for treating phenol emissions in real scenarios.

中文翻译：

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基于过硫酸盐的高级氧化过程降解酚类污染物：金属和碳基催化

废水回收利用是解决全球水资源短缺的一种解决方案。酚类是废水中的主要污染物，即使在非常低的浓度下也有毒。高级氧化过程 (AOP) 是一种新兴技术，可将酚类化合物有效降解和矿化到水中。在此，我们旨在深入了解使用金属/金属氧化物和碳基材料氧化苯酚的基于过硫酸盐的 AOP 的最新技术水平。对高性能催化剂的设计策略给予了特别关注，并讨论了它们的优缺点。最后，总结了在成本和环境友好性方面控制过硫酸盐基 AOP 催化剂在水净化中实施的主要挑战，并提出了可能的解决方案。