Optical frequency comb, with precisely controlled spectral lines spanning a broad range, has been the key enabling technology for many scientific breakthroughs. In addition to the traditional implementation based on mode-locked lasers, photonic frequency microcombs based on dissipative Kerr and quadratic cavity solitons in high-Q microresonators have become invaluable in applications requiring compact footprint, low cost, good energy efficiency, large comb spacing, and access to nonconventional spectral regions. In this review, we comprehensively examine the recent progress of photonic frequency microcombs and discuss how various phenomena can be utilized to enhance the microcomb performances that benefit a plethora of applications including optical atomic clockwork, optical frequency synthesizer, precision spectroscopy, astrospectrograph calibration, biomedical imaging, optical communications, coherent ranging, and quantum information science.

具有跨越广泛范围的精确控制谱线的光学频率梳一直是许多科学突破的关键支持技术。除了基于锁模激光器的传统实现之外，基于耗散克尔和高 Q 微谐振器中的二次腔孤子的光子频率微梳在需要紧凑占地面积、低成本、良好能效、大梳间距和访问非常规光谱区域。在这篇综述中，我们全面研究了光子频率微梳的最新进展，并讨论了如何利用各种现象来增强微梳性能，从而有利于大量应用，包括光学原子钟、光学频率合成器、精密光谱学、