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Recidivism among People Convicted of Gun Offenses: A Call to Better Leverage Reentry Resources to Decrease Gun Violence
Justice Quarterly ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2022-11-07 , DOI: 10.1080/07418825.2022.2142649
Michael Ostermann 1 , Sadaf Hashimi 2
Affiliation  

Abstract

This study provides a primary step towards exploring whether rehabilitation efforts informed by the risk, needs, responsivity approach should be leveraged to decrease gun violence. Through the use of competing risks survival analyses, we assess the gun offense recidivism patterns of people released from prison that do (n = 1,158) and do not (n = 9,868) have gun crime conviction histories. We then explore whether gun offense recidivism increases along with actuarially based risk, how gun offense histories impact the odds of receiving community-based programming during the transition from prison to the community, and, in turn, whether programming impacts gun offending recidivism. Findings indicate that people with a history of gun offense convictions are at more than twice the hazard of committing gun offenses than similarly situated people without such histories. Predicted subhazards of recidivism and magnitudes of differences between offense history groups increase substantially as actuarially assessed risk for recidivism increases. However, predicted probabilities of receipt of community-based programming do not significantly differ between the groups with and without gun offense histories, and recidivism hazards did not meaningfully differ between those that do and do not receive community-based programs despite their gun offending histories. The results illuminate a need to expand reentry-based services towards addressing the criminogenic needs of people previously convicted of gun offenses.



中文翻译:

被判枪支犯罪者的累犯:呼吁更好地利用重返资源减少枪支暴力

摘要

这项研究为探索是否应该利用风险、需求、响应方法所告知的康复工作来减少枪支暴力提供了第一步。通过使用竞争风险生存分析,我们评估了有(n = 1,158)和没有(n = 9,868)枪支犯罪定罪历史的出狱人员的枪支犯罪累犯模式。然后,我们探讨枪支犯罪累犯是否会随着精算风险的增加而增加,枪支犯罪历史如何影响从监狱到社区过渡期间接受社区节目的几率,以及反过来,节目是否会影响枪支犯罪累犯。调查结果表明,有枪支犯罪定罪史的人实施枪支犯罪的风险是没有此类历史的类似情况人的两倍以上。随着精算评估的累犯风险增加,预测的累犯危险和犯罪历史群体之间的差异程度也会大幅增加。然而,在有和没有枪支犯罪历史的群体之间,接受基于社区的节目的预测概率并没有显着差异,并且尽管有枪支犯罪历史,但接受和不接受基于社区的节目的群体之间的累犯风险也没有显着差异。研究结果表明,有必要扩大基于重返社会的服务,以满足以前因枪支犯罪而被定罪的人的犯罪需求。随着精算评估的累犯风险增加,预测的累犯危险和犯罪历史群体之间的差异程度也会大幅增加。然而,在有和没有枪支犯罪历史的群体之间,接受基于社区的节目的预测概率并没有显着差异,并且尽管有枪支犯罪历史,但接受和不接受基于社区的节目的群体之间的累犯风险也没有显着差异。研究结果表明,有必要扩大基于重返社会的服务,以满足以前因枪支犯罪而被定罪的人的犯罪需求。随着精算评估的累犯风险增加,预测的累犯危险和犯罪历史群体之间的差异程度也会大幅增加。然而,在有和没有枪支犯罪历史的群体之间,接受基于社区的节目的预测概率并没有显着差异,并且尽管有枪支犯罪历史,但接受和不接受基于社区的节目的群体之间的累犯风险也没有显着差异。研究结果表明,有必要扩大基于重返社会的服务,以满足以前因枪支犯罪而被定罪的人的犯罪需求。在有和没有枪支犯罪历史的群体之间,接受基于社区的节目的预计概率没有显着差异,尽管有枪支犯罪历史,但接受和不接受基于社区的节目的群体之间的累犯危险也没有显着差异。研究结果表明,有必要扩大基于重返社会的服务,以满足以前因枪支犯罪而被定罪的人的犯罪需求。在有和没有枪支犯罪历史的群体之间,接受基于社区的节目的预计概率没有显着差异,尽管有枪支犯罪历史,但接受和不接受基于社区的节目的群体之间的累犯危险也没有显着差异。研究结果表明,有必要扩大基于重返社会的服务,以满足以前因枪支犯罪而被定罪的人的犯罪需求。

更新日期:2022-11-07
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