基于多级 MXene/聚多巴胺/磁性相变微胶囊复合材料的可持续界面蒸发系统用于太阳能驱动海水淡化,ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

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基于多级 MXene/聚多巴胺/磁性相变微胶囊复合材料的可持续界面蒸发系统用于太阳能驱动海水淡化
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-11-07 , DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15212
Zhiheng Zheng ₁ , Wencheng Li ₁ , Huan Liu ₁ , Xiaodong Wang ₁

Affiliation

太阳能光热驱动的界面蒸发是一项很有前途的技术，在废水净化和海水淡化方面具有巨大潜力。然而，间歇性的太阳光照和盐分积累仍然是界面蒸发在实际应用中的主要障碍。在此，我们开发了一种基于多级 MXene/聚多巴胺 (PDA)/磁性相变微胶囊复合材料（以下简称“MXene/PDA@TiO ₂ /Fe ₃ O ₄ @C ₂₂ -HMC”）的新型界面蒸发系统，该系统集成了天然木材。通过将正二十二烷作为相变材料 (PCM) 核微囊化在 TiO ₂ /Fe ₃ O中制备微胶囊复合材料₄复合壳，然后涂覆PDA层，然后用MXene纳米片进行表面附着。所得MXene/PDA@TiO ₂ /Fe ₃ O ₄ @C ₂₂ -HMC具有良好的光吸收能力、高热能储存能力和良好的亲水性。这使得基于 MXene/PDA@TiO ₂ /Fe ₃ O ₄ @C _{22 -HMC 的蒸发器能够获得 2.09 kg m}^–2 h ^–1的高水蒸发率在一个太阳光照下。天然木材中的微通道与微胶囊之间的微小间隙相结合，使水分在蒸发系统内快速输送，有效抵抗蒸发过程中的盐分积累。结果，在 10 wt% NaCl 溶液中，三日照 8 h，蒸发器表面未观察到盐结晶。更重要的是，将Fe ₃ O ₄纳米粒子引入TiO ₂壳层赋予了MXene/PDA@TiO ₂ /Fe ₃ O ₄ @C ₂₂-具有磁性的HMC，大大提高了开发的蒸发器的可重复使用性和可分离性，可以进行多循环的盐积累和洗涤过程，以便长期脱盐使用。正二十二烷核的潜热释放为开发的蒸发器提供了大量热能，可在半阴天持续蒸发，与没有PCM的传统蒸发器相比，总产水量增加了1.17 kg m ^{–2 。}该研究为太阳能驱动的海水淡化界面蒸发系统中的间歇性太阳能利用和盐分积累提供了有效的解决方案。

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Sustainable Interfacial Evaporation System Based on Hierarchical MXene/Polydopamine/Magnetic Phase-Change Microcapsule Composites for Solar-Driven Seawater Desalination

Solar photothermal-driven interfacial evaporation is a promising technology with great potential for wastewater purification and seawater desalination. However, intermittent solar illumination and salt accumulation are still the major roadblocks of interfacial evaporation in practical applications. Herein, we developed a novel interfacial evaporation system based on the hierarchical MXene/polydopamine (PDA)/magnetic phase-change microcapsule composites (hereafter named “MXene/PDA@TiO₂/Fe₃O₄@C₂₂-HMC”) integrated with natural wood. The microcapsule composites were fabricated by microencapsulating n-docosane as a phase-change material (PCM) core in a TiO₂/Fe₃O₄ composite shell and then coating a PDA layer, followed by surface-attaching with MXene nanosheets. The obtained MXene/PDA@TiO₂/Fe₃O₄@C₂₂-HMC exhibits a good optical absorption ability, high heat energy-storage capacity, and good hydrophilicity. This enables the MXene/PDA@TiO₂/Fe₃O₄@C₂₂-HMC-based evaporator to gain a high water evaporation rate of 2.09 kg m^–2 h^–1 under one-sun illumination. A combination of the microchannels in natural wood and the tiny gap between the microcapsules results in a rapid water transportation within the evaporation system, which effectively resists salt accumulation during the evaporating process. As a result, there was no salt crystal observed from the evaporator surface in a 10 wt % NaCl solution under three-sun illumination for 8 h. More importantly, the introduction of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles into the TiO₂ shell endows the MXene/PDA@TiO₂/Fe₃O₄@C₂₂-HMC with magnetism, greatly enhancing the reusability and separability of the developed evaporator to undertake multicycle salt accumulation and washing processes for long-term desalination use. The latent heat release of the n-docosane core offers the developed evaporator a large amount of heat energy for continuous evaporation on a semi-cloudy day, increasing the total water production by 1.17 kg m^–2 compared to the conventional evaporator without a PCM. This study provides an effective solution for intermittent solar energy utilization and salt accumulation in the solar-driven interfacial evaporation systems of seawater desalination.

更新日期：2022-11-07

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