To manipulate the electrical and optical properties of ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) layered materials, many approaches including the engineering of strain, doping, defects, and chemical absorption have been developed in recent years. However, the researches on crested substrates, which cause strains and emerging functionalities from the rigid substrate are limited. It shows great potential in improving carrier mobility, promoting charge transfer and charge injection, and decreasing the contact resistance of 2D material devices. Here, recent advances on crested substrates in 2D material-based optoelectronic and photonic devices are reviewed. These developments are classified in three aspects: the generation of crested structure in 2D materials; the strain-induced effect and more effects (plasmonic resonance, charge transfer, hot electron injection, optical effect) due to the crested surface; the state-of-the-art of the performance enhancement in 2D materials optoelectronics and photonics. We also present our perspectives on the physics and potential applications based on the crested structures.

为了操纵超薄二维 (2D) 层状材料的电学和光学特性，近年来开发了许多方法，包括应变工程、掺杂工程、缺陷工程和化学吸收工程。然而，对从刚性基板引起应变和新兴功能的波峰基板的研究是有限的。它在提高载流子迁移率、促进电荷转移和电荷注入以及降低二维材料器件的接触电阻方面显示出巨大潜力。在这里，回顾了基于二维材料的光电和光子器件中波峰衬底的最新进展。这些进展分为三个方面：二维材料中波峰结构的产生；应变诱导效应和更多效应（等离子共振、电荷转移、热电子注入，光学效应）由于波峰表面；二维材料光电子学和光子学中性能增强的最新技术。我们还介绍了我们对基于冠结构的物理学和潜在应用的看法。