Aging is accompanied by the decline of organismal functions and a series of prominent hallmarks, including genetic and epigenetic alterations. These aging-associated epigenetic changes include DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) regulation, and RNA modification, all of which participate in the regulation of the aging process, and hence contribute to aging-related diseases. Therefore, understanding the epigenetic mechanisms in aging will provide new avenues to develop strategies to delay aging. Indeed, aging interventions based on manipulating epigenetic mechanisms have led to the alleviation of aging or the extension of the lifespan in animal models. Small molecule-based therapies and reprogramming strategies that enable epigenetic rejuvenation have been developed for ameliorating or reversing aging-related conditions. In addition, adopting health-promoting activities, such as caloric restriction, exercise, and calibrating circadian rhythm, has been demonstrated to delay aging. Furthermore, various clinical trials for aging intervention are ongoing, providing more evidence of the safety and efficacy of these therapies. Here, we review recent work on the epigenetic regulation of aging and outline the advances in intervention strategies for aging and age-associated diseases. A better understanding of the critical roles of epigenetics in the aging process will lead to more clinical advances in the prevention of human aging and therapy of aging-related diseases.

衰老伴随着机体功能的衰退和一系列显着的特征，包括遗传和表观遗传的改变。这些与衰老相关的表观遗传变化包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、染色质重塑、非编码RNA（ncRNA）调节和RNA修饰，所有这些都参与衰老过程的调节，从而导致衰老相关疾病。因此，了解衰老的表观遗传机制将为制定延缓衰老的策略提供新途径。事实上，基于操纵表观遗传机制的衰老干预措施已经在动物模型中减轻了衰老或延长了寿命。已经开发出基于小分子的疗法和重编程策略，能够实现表观遗传复兴，以改善或逆转与衰老相关的疾病。此外，采取促进健康的活动，如限制热量、锻炼和调整昼夜节律，已被证明可以延缓衰老。此外，各种衰老干预的临床试验正在进行中，为这些疗法的安全性和有效性提供了更多证据。在这里，我们回顾了衰老表观遗传调控的最新研究，并概述了衰老和年龄相关疾病的干预策略的进展。更好地了解表观遗传学在衰老过程中的关键作用将有助于在预防人类衰老和治疗衰老相关疾病方面取得更多临床进展。