The commercial applications of room-temperature sodium-sulfur battery still suffers from low sulfur utilization and poor reaction kinetics. Here, we develop a novel carbon material with hierarchical pores from camellia oleifera seed cake as the host of sulfur by introducing a delignification process followed by KOH activation. The large specific surface area (1362 m² g⁻¹) and well-developed porosity produced by the two-step method make it possible to realize high sulfur content (61.9 wt%). By the physical confinement of micropores, the formation of Na₂S_x (4 ≤ x ≤ 8) is effectively suppressed to avoid the side reactions. The mesopores and macropores optimize the electrolyte accessibility. The sulfur-loaded carbon cathode delivers a reversible capacity of 702 mAh g⁻¹ after 100 cycles at 0.1 C (1 C = 1675 mAh g⁻¹). Even at 1 C, a reversible capacity of 404 mAh g⁻¹ has been achieved after 300 cycles. This work demonstrates a sustainable cathode with a high sulfur content for the practical application of room-temperature Na–S batteries.

室温钠硫电池的商业应用仍然存在硫利用率低和反应动力学差的问题。在这里，我们通过引入脱木质素过程，然后进行 KOH 活化，开发了一种新型碳材料，该碳材料具有来自油茶籽饼的分级孔隙作为硫的宿主。通过两步法产生的大比表面积（1362 m ²  g ^-1）和发达的孔隙率使得实现高硫含量（61.9 wt%）成为可能。通过微孔的物理限制，Na ₂ S _x的形成(4 ≤ x ≤ 8) 被有效抑制以避免副反应。中孔和大孔优化了电解质的可及性。负载硫的碳阴极在 0.1 C (1 C = 1675 mAh g ^-1 )下循环 100 次后提供 702 mAh g ^{-1的可逆容量。} 即使在 1 C 下，在 300 次循环后仍可实现404 mAh g ^-1的可逆容量。这项工作展示了一种具有高硫含量的可持续正极，可用于室温钠硫电池的实际应用。