原位/操作表征技术：Li-CO2 电池开发的指导工具,Small Methods

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原位/操作表征技术：Li-CO2 电池开发的指导工具
Small Methods ( IF 10.7 ) Pub Date : 2022-11-04 , DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200930
Ankit K Chourasia ₁ , Anil D Pathak ₁ , Chandrasekhar Bongu ₁ , K Manikandan ₁ , Sai Praneeth ₁ , Keerti M Naik ₁ , Chandra S Sharma ₁

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最近，Li-CO ₂电池因其比传统锂离子电池更高的重量能量密度（1876 Wh kg ^-1 ）而变得非常重要。此外，其利用温室气体 CO ₂来运行能量存储系统的能力以及在火星等地外行星上的预期利用推动了它的实用化。然而，它面临着许多挑战，例如 (i) 不情愿的 CO ₂减少/释放；_{(ii) Li 2} CO ₃放电产物在阴极上的沉积引起的固/液/气界面堵塞；(iii) 分解稳定放电产物 Li ₂ CO的高过电位₃ ; (iv) 电解质的不稳定性。通过开发催化剂、提高电解质的稳定性、保护阳极等，已经做出了许多努力来应对这些挑战。尽管做出了这些努力，但由于缺乏对发生在电池中的放电/充电反应的反应机制的决定性确认系统方面，Li-CO ₂电池系统的进展缓慢。原位表征技术通过监测反应进程来帮助克服异地技术的局限性。当前的审查侧重于通过探索已采用的各种原位/原位表征技术来弥合对 Li-CO _{2电池理解的差距。}

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In Situ/Operando Characterization Techniques: The Guiding Tool for the Development of Li–CO2 Battery

In recent times, the Li-CO₂ battery has gained significant importance arising from its higher gravimetric energy density (1876 Wh kg^-1) compared to the conventional Li-ion batteries. Also, its ability to utilize the greenhouse gas CO₂ to operate an energy storage system and the prospective utilization on extraterrestrial planets such as Mars motivate to practicalize it. However, it suffers from numerous challenges such as (i) the reluctant CO₂ reduction/evolution; (ii) solid/liquid/gas interface blockage arising from the deposition of Li₂CO₃ discharge product on the cathode; (iii) high overpotential to decompose the stable discharge product Li₂CO₃; and (iv) instability of the electrolytes. Numerous efforts have been undertaken to tackle these challenges by developing catalysts, improving the stability of electrolytes, protecting the anode, etc. Despite these efforts, due to the lack of a decisive confirmation of the reaction mechanisms of the discharging/charging reactions occurring in the system, the progress of the Li–CO₂ battery system has been slow. In situ characterization techniques help overcome ex-situ techniques’ limitations by monitoring the processes with the progress of a reaction. The current review focuses on bridging the gap in the understanding of the Li–CO₂ batteries by exploring the various in situ/operando characterization techniques that have been employed.

更新日期：2022-11-04

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