Aqueous zinc metal batteries with mild acidic electrolytes are considered promising candidates for large-scale energy storage. However, the Zn anode suffers from severe Zn dendrite growth and side reactions due to the unstable interfacial pH and the absence of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) protective layer. Herein, a novel and simple mixed electrolyte strategy is proposed to address these problems. The mixed electrolytes of 2 M ZnSO₄ and 2 M Zn (CF₃SO₃)₂ can efficiently buffer the interfacial pH and induce the in situ formation of the organic-inorganic SEI layer, which eliminates dendrite growth and prevents side reactions. As a result, Zn anodes in mixed electrolyte exhibit a lifespan enhancement over 400 times, endure stable cycling over 270 h at a high DOD of 62% and achieve high Zn plating/stripping reversibility with an average CE of 99.5% for 1000 cycles at 1 mA cm⁻². The findings pave the way for developing practical electrolyte systems for Zn batteries.

中文翻译：

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通过混合电解液稳定高性能水系锌金属电池的界面 pH 值

具有弱酸性电解质的水系锌金属电池被认为是大规模储能的有前途的候选者。然而，由于不稳定的界面 pH 值和缺乏固体电解质界面 (SEI) 保护层，锌负极会出现严重的锌枝晶生长和副反应。在此，提出了一种新颖且简单的混合电解质策略来解决这些问题。2 M ZnSO ₄和2 M Zn (CF ₃ SO ₃ ) _{2的混合电解质}可以有效地缓冲界面 pH 并诱导有机-无机 SEI 层的原位形成，从而消除枝晶生长并防止副反应。因此，混合电解质中的锌阳极的寿命提高了 400 倍以上，在 62% 的高 DOD 下稳定循环超过 270 小时，并实现了高镀锌/剥离可逆性，1000 次循环的平均 CE 为 99.5%毫安厘米^-2。这些发现为开发实用的锌电池电解质系统铺平了道路。