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Nondestructive Post-Treatment Enabled by In Situ Generated 2D Perovskites Derived from Multi-ammonium Molecule Vapor for High-Performance 2D/3D Bilayer Perovskite Solar Cells
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-11-02 , DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17151 Dan Zhang 1 , Xiaofeng Wang 1 , Zhiping Fan 1 , Xuefeng Xia 1 , Fan Li 1
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-11-02 , DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17151 Dan Zhang 1 , Xiaofeng Wang 1 , Zhiping Fan 1 , Xuefeng Xia 1 , Fan Li 1
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Recently, two-dimensional (2D)/three-dimensional (3D) bilayer perovskite solar cells (PSCs) show a great potential for commercialization due to the combination of the fascinating photovoltaic performance of 3D perovskites and superior stability of 2D perovskites. However, it is a challenge to nondestructively construct 2D/3D bilayer perovskites, and the impact of the number of amine groups in ammonium spacer cations on the properties of 2D/3D bilayer perovskites has not been investigated. In this work, a novel interfacial post-treatment strategy is proposed to nondestructively fabricate 2D/3D bilayer perovskite films using the multi-ammonium molecule (MAM) vapor. Here, a series of MAMs with three to six amine groups (3 to 6N), including diethylenetriamine (DETA, 3N), triethylenetetramine (TETA, 4N), tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA, 5N), and pentaethylenehexamine (PEHA, 6N), are applied and compared. Benefiting from the strong interaction between MAMs and perovskites, the MAM vapor post-treatment can in situ generate Dion–Jacobson (DJ) 2D capping layers on the surface of 3D perovskite films. In comparison with the 3D perovskite film, such DJ 2D/3D perovskite films exhibit improved film quality, effectively passivated defects/traps, optimized interfacial band energy alignment, and mitigatory tensile strain. In particular, the number of amine groups in MAMs can dramatically influence the quality of DJ 2D/3D bilayer perovskite films and their corresponding photovoltaic performance. As the number of amine groups increases from DETA to PEHA, the efficiency and stability of PSCs are boosted significantly. Consequently, the PEHA-based DJ 2D/3D bilayer PSC delivers a champion power conversion efficiency of 21.79% with a negligible hysteresis effect, elevated reproducibility, and enhanced device stability. This work offers the reference for designing novel and effective MAMs for nondestructively fabricating high-performance 2D/3D bilayer PSCs.
中文翻译：
用于高性能 2D/3D 双层钙钛矿太阳能电池的原位生成的源自多铵分子蒸气的 2D 钙钛矿实现的无损后处理
最近，二维 (2D)/三维 (3D) 双层钙钛矿太阳能电池 (PSC) 显示出巨大的商业化潜力，因为结合了 3D 钙钛矿迷人的光伏性能和 2D 钙钛矿的卓越稳定性。然而，非破坏性地构建 2D/3D 双层钙钛矿是一个挑战，并且尚未研究铵间隔阳离子中胺基的数量对 2D/3D 双层钙钛矿性质的影响。在这项工作中，提出了一种新的界面后处理策略，使用多铵分子 (MAM) 蒸气无损地制造 2D/3D 双层钙钛矿薄膜。在这里，一系列具有三到六个胺基（3 到 6N）的 MAM，包括二亚乙基三胺（DETA，3N）、三亚乙基四胺（TETA，4N）、四亚乙基五胺（TEPA，5N），和五亚乙基六胺（PEHA，6N），进行应用和比较。得益于 MAM 和钙钛矿之间的强相互作用，MAM 蒸汽后处理可以就地在 3D 钙钛矿薄膜表面生成 Dion–Jacobson (DJ) 2D 覆盖层。与 3D 钙钛矿薄膜相比，这种 DJ 2D/3D 钙钛矿薄膜表现出更高的薄膜质量、有效钝化缺陷/陷阱、优化的界面能带排列和减轻拉伸应变。特别是，MAM 中胺基的数量可以显着影响 DJ 2D/3D 双层钙钛矿薄膜的质量及其相应的光伏性能。随着胺基数量从 DETA 增加到 PEHA，PSC 的效率和稳定性显着提高。因此，基于 PEHA 的 DJ 2D/3D 双层 PSC 提供了 21.79% 的冠军功率转换效率，具有可忽略的滞后效应、更高的再现性和增强的设备稳定性。
更新日期：2022-11-02
中文翻译：
用于高性能 2D/3D 双层钙钛矿太阳能电池的原位生成的源自多铵分子蒸气的 2D 钙钛矿实现的无损后处理
最近，二维 (2D)/三维 (3D) 双层钙钛矿太阳能电池 (PSC) 显示出巨大的商业化潜力，因为结合了 3D 钙钛矿迷人的光伏性能和 2D 钙钛矿的卓越稳定性。然而，非破坏性地构建 2D/3D 双层钙钛矿是一个挑战，并且尚未研究铵间隔阳离子中胺基的数量对 2D/3D 双层钙钛矿性质的影响。在这项工作中，提出了一种新的界面后处理策略，使用多铵分子 (MAM) 蒸气无损地制造 2D/3D 双层钙钛矿薄膜。在这里，一系列具有三到六个胺基（3 到 6N）的 MAM，包括二亚乙基三胺（DETA，3N）、三亚乙基四胺（TETA，4N）、四亚乙基五胺（TEPA，5N），和五亚乙基六胺（PEHA，6N），进行应用和比较。得益于 MAM 和钙钛矿之间的强相互作用，MAM 蒸汽后处理可以就地在 3D 钙钛矿薄膜表面生成 Dion–Jacobson (DJ) 2D 覆盖层。与 3D 钙钛矿薄膜相比，这种 DJ 2D/3D 钙钛矿薄膜表现出更高的薄膜质量、有效钝化缺陷/陷阱、优化的界面能带排列和减轻拉伸应变。特别是，MAM 中胺基的数量可以显着影响 DJ 2D/3D 双层钙钛矿薄膜的质量及其相应的光伏性能。随着胺基数量从 DETA 增加到 PEHA，PSC 的效率和稳定性显着提高。因此，基于 PEHA 的 DJ 2D/3D 双层 PSC 提供了 21.79% 的冠军功率转换效率，具有可忽略的滞后效应、更高的再现性和增强的设备稳定性。
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