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Competing instabilities reveal how to rationally design and control active crosslinked gels
Nature Communications ( IF 14.7 ) Pub Date : 2022-10-29 , DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34089-9
Bibi Najma 1 , Minu Varghese 1, 2 , Lev Tsidilkovski 1 , Linnea Lemma 1, 3, 4 , Aparna Baskaran 1 , Guillaume Duclos 1
Affiliation  

How active stresses generated by molecular motors set the large-scale mechanics of the cell cytoskeleton remains poorly understood. Here, we combine experiments and theory to demonstrate how the emergent properties of a biomimetic active crosslinked gel depend on the properties of its microscopic constituents. We show that an extensile nematic elastomer exhibits two distinct activity-driven instabilities, spontaneously bending in-plane or buckling out-of-plane depending on its composition. Molecular motors play a dual antagonistic role, fluidizing or stiffening the gel depending on the ATP concentration. We demonstrate how active and elastic stresses are set by each component, providing estimates for the active gel theory parameters. Finally, activity and elasticity were manipulated in situ with light-activable motor proteins, controlling the direction of the instability optically. These results highlight how cytoskeletal stresses regulate the self-organization of living matter and set the foundations for the rational design and optogenetic control of active materials.



中文翻译:


竞争不稳定性揭示了如何合理设计和控制活性交联凝胶



分子马达产生的主动应力如何影响细胞骨架的大规模力学仍然知之甚少。在这里,我们结合实验和理论来证明仿生活性交联凝胶的新兴特性如何取决于其微观成分的特性。我们表明,可拉伸向列弹性体表现出两种不同的活动驱动的不稳定性,根据其成分自发地在平面内弯曲或在平面外弯曲。分子马达发挥双重拮抗作用,根据 ATP 浓度使凝胶流化或硬化。我们演示了每个组件如何设置主动应力和弹性应力,为主动凝胶理论参数提供估计。最后,用光激活运动蛋白原位操纵活性和弹性,以光学方式控制不稳定性的方向。这些结果强调了细胞骨架应力如何调节生命物质的自组织,并为活性材料的合理设计和光遗传学控制奠定了基础。

更新日期:2022-10-29
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