Abstract

The diverse structures and unique properties of hydrogels have attracted significant attentions in recent years. Compared to chemically cross-linked hydrogels, natural polymer-based hydrogels cross-linked with physical interactions are environmentally friendly owning to the free of chemical cross-linking agents and exhibit many advantages as diverse reversible non-covalent bonds. This review aims to summarize instructive strategies for designing physical hydrogels based on non-covalent bonds derived from unique functional groups of natural polymers to develop various unique properties and extend the application of corresponding hydrogels. Firstly, strategies to construct the natural polymer-based physically crosslinked hydrogels (NPPCHs) with internal and external stimulating cross-linking characteristics will be introduced. Internal effects included hydrogen bonding, ionic cross-linking, electrostatic interaction, hydrophobic association, and host-guest interaction, and external causes can be temperature, light, pH, or other conditions. Secondly, the unique advantages of processing technologies of NPPCHs including injection, 3D printing, spraying, and molding will be summarized. Thirdly, excellent performances of NPPCHs derived from unique dynamic non-covalent bond structures, such as self-healing, conductivity-promoting, and stimulus-response will be introduced. This review provides guidance to develop the NPPCHs with fascinating structures, excellent properties, and outstanding performances, which will play an important role in promoting the development of physically cross-linked hydrogels.

摘要

近年来，水凝胶的多样化结构和独特性能引起了人们的广泛关注。与化学交联水凝胶相比，通过物理相互作用交联的天然聚合物基水凝胶由于不含化学交联剂而具有环境友好性，并且由于具有多种可逆非共价键而表现出许多优点。本综述旨在总结基于天然聚合物独特官能团衍生的非共价键设计物理水凝胶的指导性策略，以开发各种独特的性能并扩展相应水凝胶的应用。首先，将介绍构建具有内部和外部刺激交联特性的基于天然聚合物的物理交联水凝胶（NPPCH）的策略。内部效应包括氢键、离子交联、静电相互作用、疏水缔合和主客体相互作用，外部原因可以是温度、光、pH 或其他条件。其次，总结了NPPCH的注射、3D打印、喷涂、成型等加工技术的独特优势。第三，介绍NPPCHs源自独特的动态非共价键结构的优异性能，例如自修复、导电促进和刺激响应。该综述为开发具有引人入胜的结构、优异的性能和出色的性能的NPPCHs提供了指导，这将对促进物理交联水凝胶的发展发挥重要作用。疏水缔合、主客体相互作用以及外部原因可以是温度、光、pH 值或其他条件。其次，总结了NPPCH的注射、3D打印、喷涂、成型等加工技术的独特优势。第三，介绍NPPCHs源自独特的动态非共价键结构的优异性能，例如自修复、导电促进和刺激响应。该综述为开发具有引人入胜的结构、优异的性能和出色的性能的NPPCHs提供了指导，这将对促进物理交联水凝胶的发展发挥重要作用。疏水缔合、主客体相互作用以及外部原因可以是温度、光、pH 值或其他条件。其次，总结了NPPCH的注射、3D打印、喷涂、成型等加工技术的独特优势。第三，介绍NPPCHs源自独特的动态非共价键结构的优异性能，例如自修复、导电促进和刺激响应。该综述为开发具有引人入胜的结构、优异的性能和出色的性能的NPPCHs提供了指导，这将对促进物理交联水凝胶的发展发挥重要作用。总结NPPCH注塑、3D打印、喷涂、成型等加工技术的独特优势。第三，介绍NPPCHs源自独特的动态非共价键结构的优异性能，例如自修复、导电促进和刺激响应。该综述为开发具有引人入胜的结构、优异的性能和出色的性能的NPPCHs提供了指导，这将对促进物理交联水凝胶的发展发挥重要作用。总结NPPCH注塑、3D打印、喷涂、成型等加工技术的独特优势。第三，介绍NPPCHs源自独特的动态非共价键结构的优异性能，例如自修复、导电促进和刺激响应。该综述为开发具有引人入胜的结构、优异的性能和出色的性能的NPPCHs提供了指导，这将对促进物理交联水凝胶的发展发挥重要作用。