欧洲海鲈中的 Spexin，Dicentrarchus labrax：特征、大脑分布以及与 Gnrh 和 Gnih 神经元的相互作用,The Journal of Comparative Neurology

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欧洲海鲈中的 Spexin，Dicentrarchus labrax：特征、大脑分布以及与 Gnrh 和 Gnih 神经元的相互作用
The Journal of Comparative Neurology ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-10-22 , DOI: 10.1002/cne.25428
José A Paullada-Salmerón _{1,

2,

3} , Bin Wang _{1,

4,

5} , José A Muñoz-Cueto _{1,

2,

3}

Affiliation

Spexin (Spx) 是最近表征的神经肽，涉及脊椎动物的多种生理过程，包括繁殖、食物摄入以及焦虑和压力的调节。两个直系同源物（Spx1 和 Spx2）存在于一些非哺乳动物脊椎动物中，包括硬骨鱼。然而，关于 Spx 在大脑中的分布及其与鱼类其他神经内分泌系统相互作用的信息仍然很少。在这项工作中，我们对海鲈 ( Dicentrarchus labrax ) Spx1 进行了克隆和测序，其中包括一个 27 个氨基酸的信号肽和一个 14 个氨基酸的 C 末端酰胺化的成熟肽。spx1转录本在间脑/尾部视前区/下丘脑和延髓中较高，但也在嗅球、端脑/头端视前区、视顶盖/被盖、小脑/脑桥和垂体中检测到。免疫组织化学研究揭示了视前区、缰核、前丘脑、中脑被盖以及近端远侧部( PPD) 和中间部的不同核中的 Spx1 免疫反应 (ir) 细胞垂体。Spx1-ir 纤维广泛分布于整个大脑，在中脑和后脑中特别丰富，与次级味觉核的被盖促性腺激素释放激素 2 (Gnrh2) 细胞和峡部促性腺激素抑制激素 (Gnih) 细胞密切接触。此外，观察到 Gnih 纤维支配位于大细胞视前核和瓣膜外侧核中的 Spx1-ir 细胞，而腹外侧前丘脑 Spx1-ir 细胞接受免疫阳性 Gnrh2 纤维。在垂体中，观察到 Gnrh1-ir 纤维与 PPD 的 Spx1-ir 细胞密切相关。这些结果表明 Spx1 可能参与海鲈的生殖和非生殖（即食物摄入、行为）功能。

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Spexin in the European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax: Characterization, brain distribution, and interaction with Gnrh and Gnih neurons

Spexin (Spx) is a recently characterized neuropeptide implicated in multiple physiological processes in vertebrates, including reproduction, food intake, and regulation of anxiety and stress. Two orthologs (Spx1 and Spx2) are present in some nonmammalian vertebrates, including teleosts. However, information on the distribution of Spx in the brain and its interactions with other neuroendocrine systems in fish is still scarce. In this work, we cloned and sequenced the sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Spx1, which included a 27 aa signal peptide and a mature peptide of 14 aa that is C-terminal amidated. spx1 transcripts were higher in the diencephalon/caudal preoptic area/hypothalamus and medulla but were also detected in the olfactory bulbs, telencephalon/rostral preoptic area, optic tectum/tegmentum, cerebellum/pons, and pituitary. The immunohistochemical study revealed Spx1-immunoreactive (ir) cells in different nuclei of the preoptic area, habenula, prethalamus, mesencephalic tegmentum and in the proximal pars distalis (PPD) and pars intermedia of the pituitary. Spx1-ir fibers were widely distributed throughout the brain being particularly abundant in the midbrain and hindbrain, in close contact with tegmental gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2 (Gnrh2) cells and isthmic gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (Gnih) cells of the secondary gustatory nucleus. Moreover, Gnih fibers were observed innervating Spx1-ir cells lying in several subdivisions of the magnocellular preoptic nucleus and in the lateral nucleus of the valvula, whereas ventrolateral prethalamic Spx1-ir cells received immunopositive Gnrh2 fibers. In the pituitary, Gnrh1-ir fibers were observed closely associated with Spx1-ir cells of the PPD. These results suggest that Spx1 could be involved in both reproductive and nonreproductive (i.e., food intake, behavior) functions in sea bass.

更新日期：2022-10-22

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