Advances in measuring and understanding separated, nominally two-dimensional (2D) shock-wave/turbulent-boundary-layer interactions (STBLI) have triggered recent campaigns focused on three-dimensional (3D) STBLI, which display far greater configuration diversity. Nonetheless, unifying properties emerge for semi-infinite interactions, taking the form of conical asymptotic behavior where shock-generator specifics become insignificant. The contrast between 2D and 3D separation is substantial; the skewed vortical structure of 3D STBLI reflects the essentially 2D influence of the boundary layer on the 3D character of the swept shock. As with 2D STBLI, conical interactions engender prominent spectral content below that of the turbulent boundary layer. However, the uniform separation length scale, which is crucial to normalizing the lowest-frequency dynamics in 2D STBLI, is absent. Comparatively, the spectra of 3D STBLI are more representative of the mid-frequency, convective, shear-layer dynamics in 2D, while phenomena associated with 2D separation-shock breathing are muted. Asymptotic behavior breaks down in many regions important to 3D-STBLI dynamics, occurring in a configuration-dependent manner. Aspects of inceptive regions near shock generators and symmetry planes are reviewed. Focused efforts toward 3D modal and nonmodalanalyses, moving-shock/boundary-layer interactions, fluid/structure interactions, and flow control are suggested as directions for future work.

中文翻译：

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三维冲击波/边界层相互作用的动力学


测量和理解分离的、名义上的二维 （2D） 冲击波/湍流边界层交互 （STBLI） 的进步引发了最近专注于三维 （3D） STBLI 的活动，这些活动显示出更大的配置多样性。尽管如此，半无限相互作用的统一性质出现了，以圆锥形渐近行为的形式出现，其中冲击发生器的细节变得无关紧要。2D 和 3D 分离之间的对比很大;3D STBLI 的倾斜涡度结构反映了边界层对扫掠激波的 3D 特征的本质上 2D 影响。与 2D STBLI 一样，圆锥相互作用在湍流边界层的下方产生突出的光谱成分。然而，不存在均匀的分离长度尺度，这对于归一化 2D STBLI 中的最低频率动力学至关重要。相比之下，3D STBLI 的频谱更能代表 2D 中的中频、对流、剪切层动力学，而与 2D 分离-激波呼吸相关的现象则很温和。渐近行为在许多对 3D-STBLI 动力学很重要的区域中失效，以与配置相关的方式发生。回顾了冲击发生器和对称平面附近的感应区域的各个方面。建议将重点放在 3D 模态和非模态分析、动波/边界层交互、流体/结构交互和流体控制上，作为未来工作的方向。