Electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO₂) to formate is an effective solution to address the continuous increase in CO₂ in the atmosphere. Here, we report a vanadium-doped (V-doped) bismuth oxide (Bi₂O₃) electrocatalyst synthesized using a facile one-step hydrothermal method for highly efficient electrochemical reduction of CO₂ to formate. The doping of V can tune the intrinsic crystal and electronic structure of Bi₂O₃, that is, causing partial amorphization in the Bi₂O₃ nanosheet and decreasing electron density around Bi active sites. The partial amorphous region can provide more reactive sites; meanwhile, the electron-deficient environment around Bi enhances the adsorption of CO₂. The synergistic crystal and electronic structure modulation in the V-doped Bi₂O₃ provides excellent electrocatalytic CO₂RR performance with a high formate selectivity of 94.2% and a high partial current density of 45.03 mA cm^–2 at −1.1 V (vs RHE).

中文翻译：

---

钒掺杂到氧化铋纳米颗粒中用于电催化 CO2 还原

将二氧化碳 (CO ₂ ) 电催化还原为甲酸盐是解决大气中 CO ₂持续增加的有效解决方案。在这里，我们报道了一种使用简便的一步水热法合成的钒掺杂（V 掺杂）氧化铋（Bi ₂ O _{3 ）电催化剂，用于将CO 2}高效电化学还原为甲酸盐。_{V的掺杂可以调节Bi 2 O 3 的本征晶体和电子结构，即引起Bi 2} O ₃的部分_非晶化_。纳米片和降低 Bi 活性位点周围的电子密度。部分非晶区可以提供更多的反应位点；同时，Bi周围的缺电子环境增强了CO ₂的吸附。V 掺杂的 Bi ₂ O ₃中的协同晶体和电子结构调制提供了优异的电催化 CO ₂ RR 性能，在 -1.1 V 时具有 94.2% 的高甲酸盐选择性和 45.03 mA cm ^-2的高分电流密度（vs RHE ）。