热解温度和原料类型对与土壤碳和土壤健康相关的生物炭特性的影响：荟萃分析,Soil Use and Management

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热解温度和原料类型对与土壤碳和土壤健康相关的生物炭特性的影响：荟萃分析
Soil Use and Management ( IF 5.0 ) Pub Date : 2022-10-06 , DOI: 10.1111/sum.12848
Lidong Li ₁ , Amelia Long ₁ , Britt Fossum ₁ , Michael Kaiser ₁

Affiliation

生物炭改良土壤在全球范围内被用作增强碳储存和改善土壤功能的方法。然而，生物炭特性和土壤功能的相关改善取决于生物炭生产条件。需要对相应的生物炭特性进行系统评价，才能制定更有针对性、更高效的生物炭应用策略。在此，我们系统地回顾了生物炭热解温度 (175–950°C) 和原料（玉米秸秆、柳枝稷和木材）对选定生物炭特性（碳含量、H/C 比、氮含量、pH、比表面积、灰分含量和孔隙体积）。选择这些特定特征是因为它们与土壤有机碳固存和土壤健康改善有关。尽管对这些主题进行了大量研究，很少有人在数值上量化了热解温度的影响。我们的结果表明，与低热解温度（≤500°C）相比，高热解温度（> 500°C）增加了木材生物炭的碳含量和孔体积。无论原料如何，高热解温度都会降低 H/C 比和氮含量，但会增加 pH 值、比表面积和灰分含量。与玉米秸秆生物炭和柳枝稷生物炭相比，木炭具有更高的碳含量和更大的比表面积，但无论热解温度如何，氮和灰分含量都较低。较高的生物炭碳含量可能源自木材原料中较高的木质素和纤维素含量。与玉米秸秆和柳枝稷相比，木材原料的木质素和纤维素含量分别高出 76% 至 109% 和 27% 至 47%。玉米秸秆生物炭具有较高的 pH 值，柳枝稷生物炭的孔隙体积大于木材生物炭。我们的研究表明，通过选择热解温度和原料类型，可以促进具有特定特性的生物炭的目标生产。对于用生物炭改良土壤，更可操作地定义生物炭生产条件和原料选择可能是在田间条件下更广泛接受和更好地预测生物炭性能的一种方式。

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Effects of pyrolysis temperature and feedstock type on biochar characteristics pertinent to soil carbon and soil health: A meta-analysis

Biochar amendment to soil is utilized globally as an approach to enhance carbon storage and to improve soil functioning. However, biochar characteristics and related improvements of soil functioning depend on biochar production conditions. Systematic evaluation of corresponding biochar characteristics is needed for more targeted and efficient biochar application strategies. Herein, we systematically review the effects of biochar pyrolysis temperature (175–950°C) and feedstock (corn stover, switchgrass and wood) on selected biochar characteristics (carbon content, H/C ratio, nitrogen content, pH, specific surface area, ash content and pore volume). These specific characteristics were selected as being pertinent to soil organic carbon sequestration and soil health improvement. Despite numerous studies on these topics, few have numerically quantified the effects of pyrolysis temperature. Our results show that high pyrolysis temperature (>500°C) increased carbon content and pore volume for wood biochar compared with low pyrolysis temperature (≤500°C). The high pyrolysis temperature decreased the H/C ratio and nitrogen content but increased pH, specific surface area and ash content regardless of feedstock. Compared with corn stover biochar and switchgrass biochar, wood biochar had higher carbon content and larger specific surface area but lower nitrogen and ash contents regardless of pyrolysis temperature. The higher biochar carbon content might be derived from higher lignin and cellulose contents of wood feedstock. Wood feedstock had 76%–109% more lignin and 27%–47% more cellulose than corn stover and switchgrass. Corn stover biochar had higher pH, and switchgrass biochar had larger pore volume than wood biochar. Our study indicates that the targeted production of biochar with specific characteristics can be facilitated by the selection of pyrolysis temperature and feedstock type. For amending soil with biochar, more operationally defined biochar production conditions and feedstock selection might be a way forward to wider acceptance and better predictability of biochar performance under field conditions.

更新日期：2022-10-06

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