ABSTRACT

This systematic review examined evidence for the role of conscious motor processing in the pressure-performance relationship and, specifically, whether pressure-induced changes in conscious motor processing are associated with pressure-induced changes in performance. Following PRISMA guidelines, 29 studies published up to 22 August 2022 were included. Studies were required to be published in a peer-reviewed journal, include a pressure manipulation, include an outcome measure of conscious motor processing, and examine the performance of a perceptual-motor skill. Studies were excluded if conscious motor processing was experimentally manipulated, the research design involved skill acquisition strategies that influenced conscious motor processing, or the study was unpublished or not published in English. Studies were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases. Risk of bias was assessed with the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Nonrandomized Studies, and the strength of evidence was determined with the sum code classification system. Results confirmed that pressure generally increases conscious motor processing but there was insufficient evidence to conclude that conscious motor processing directly contributes to pressure-induced changes in motor skill performance. Future studies are encouraged to directly test for mediation and to contrast the effects of conscious motor processing with other cognitive processes evoked by pressure (e.g. distraction).

摘要

该系统评价检查了有意识运动处理在压力-性能关系中的作用的证据，特别是压力引起的有意识运动处理变化是否与压力引起的性能变化有关。根据 PRISMA 指南，截至 2022 年 8 月 22 日发表的 29 项研究被纳入。研究需要在同行评审的期刊上发表，包括压力操纵，包括有意识运动处理的结果测量，并检查感知运动技能的表现。如果有意识运动处理是通过实验操纵的，研究设计涉及影响有意识运动处理的技能获取策略，或者该研究未发表或未以英文发表，则研究被排除在外。研究检索自 PubMed、Scopus、SPORTDiscus 和 Web of Science 数据库。偏倚风险使用非随机研究偏倚风险评估工具进行评估，证据强度使用总和代码分类系统确定。结果证实，压力通常会增加有意识的运动处理，但没有足够的证据表明有意识的运动处理直接导致压力引起的运动技能表现变化。鼓励未来的研究直接测试调解并将有意识运动处理的效果与压力引起的其他认知过程（例如分心）进行对比。结果证实，压力通常会增加有意识的运动处理，但没有足够的证据表明有意识的运动处理直接导致压力引起的运动技能表现变化。鼓励未来的研究直接测试调解并将有意识运动处理的效果与压力引起的其他认知过程（例如分心）进行对比。结果证实，压力通常会增加有意识的运动处理，但没有足够的证据表明有意识的运动处理直接导致压力引起的运动技能表现变化。鼓励未来的研究直接测试调解并将有意识运动处理的效果与压力引起的其他认知过程（例如分心）进行对比。