Climate change and its associated weather extremes pose a threat to agriculture. To slow down climate change and reduce its associated risks, governments around the world are currently developing policies to encourage farmers to engage in adaptation and mitigation efforts. The aim of this study is to assess the adoption and intensity of use of extreme weather adaptation and mitigation strategies among a sample of Missouri farmers and to identify the factors that influence adaptation and mitigation behavior. Of particular interest is the influence of the 2019 Missouri River flooding on adaptation and mitigation efforts. An econometric hurdle model that separates the decision on whether to adopt adaptation/mitigation strategies from the decision on how many strategies to employ was used to achieve the study’s purpose. Improving field drainage or soil water retention capacity for potential flooding was found to be by far the most used adaptation. The most used mitigations were increasing use of minimum tillage, managing fertilizer, and planting cover crops. Types of crops grown, farm income, and opinions on extreme weather events were the most important determinants of both adaptation and mitigation decision. Direct experience with the 2019 Missouri River floods is found to only influence adaptation decision. Adaptation and mitigation intensity were found to be strongly influenced by opinions on government support for adaptation and CRP involvement, respectively. Directions for policy and outreach that can promote adaptation and mitigation efforts among farmers are discussed.

气候变化及其相关的极端天气对农业构成威胁。为了减缓气候变化并降低其相关风险，世界各国政府目前正在制定政策，鼓励农民参与适应和缓解工作。本研究的目的是评估密苏里州农民样本中极端天气适应和缓解策略的采用和使用强度，并确定影响适应和缓解行为的因素。特别令人感兴趣的是 2019 年密苏里河洪水对适应和缓解工作的影响。一个计量经济障碍模型将是否采用适应/缓解策略的决定与决定采用多少策略分开来实现研究目的。迄今为止，人们发现提高田间排水或土壤保水能力以应对潜在的洪水是最常用的适应措施。最常用的缓解措施是增加使用最少耕作、管理化肥和种植覆盖作物。种植的作物类型、农场收入和对极端天气事件的看法是适应和缓解决策的最重要决定因素。发现 2019 年密苏里河洪水的直接经验只会影响适应决策。发现适应和缓解强度分别受到政府对适应和 CRP 参与的支持意见的强烈影响。讨论了可以促进农民适应和缓解努力的政策和外展方向。