Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging virus from the Flaviviridae family that is transmitted to humans by mosquito vectors and represents an important health problem. Infections in pregnant women are of major concern because of potential devastating consequences during pregnancy and have been associated with microcephaly in newborns. ZIKV has a unique ability to use the host machinery to promote viral replication in a tissue-specific manner, resulting in characteristic pathological disorders. Recent studies have proposed that the host ubiquitin system acts as a major determinant of ZIKV tropism by providing the virus with an enhanced ability to enter new cells. In addition, ZIKV has developed mechanisms to evade the host immune response, thereby allowing the establishment of viral persistence and enhancing viral pathogenesis. We discuss recent reports on the mechanisms used by ZIKV to replicate efficiently, and we highlight potential new areas of research for the development of therapeutic approaches.

中文翻译：

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寨卡病毒感染的发病机制


寨卡病毒 （ZIKV） 是黄病毒科的一种新出现的病毒，通过蚊子媒介传播给人类，是一个重要的健康问题。孕妇感染是主要问题，因为怀孕期间可能造成毁灭性后果，并且与新生儿小头症有关。ZIKV 具有利用宿主机制以组织特异性方式促进病毒复制的独特能力，从而导致特征性病理障碍。最近的研究表明，宿主泛素系统通过增强病毒进入新细胞的能力，成为 ZIKV 嗜性的主要决定因素。此外，ZIKV 已经开发出逃避宿主免疫反应的机制，从而允许建立病毒持久性并增强病毒发病机制。我们讨论了关于 ZIKV 用于有效复制的机制的最新报告，并强调了开发治疗方法的潜在新研究领域。