在硝酸盐、硫酸盐和铁还原条件下，水成膜泡沫 (AFFF) 影响位点在土壤中的 8:2 氟调聚物醇的生物转化,Environmental Science & Technology

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在硝酸盐、硫酸盐和铁还原条件下，水成膜泡沫 (AFFF) 影响位点在土壤中的 8:2 氟调聚物醇的生物转化
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2022-09-20 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c03669
Peng-Fei Yan ₁ , Sheng Dong ₁ , Katherine E Manz ₂ , Chen Liu ₂ , Matthew J Woodcock ₂ , Melissa P Mezzari ₃ , Linda M Abriola ₂ , Kurt D Pennell ₂ , Natalie L Cápiro ₁

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水性成膜泡沫 (AFFF) 中全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 的环境归宿在很大程度上仍然未知，尤其是在代表天然地下系统的条件下。在这项研究中，研究了 8:2 氟调聚物醇 (8:2 FTOH) 的生物转化，它是新一代 AFFF 配方的一种成分，也是基于氟调聚物的 AFFF 的副产品，在硝酸盐、铁和硫酸盐还原条件下进行了研究在用受 AFFF 影响的土壤制备的微观世界中。液相色谱-串联质谱 (LC-MS/MS) 和高分辨率质谱 (HRMS) 用于鉴定生物转化产物。在硫酸盐和铁还原条件下，生物转化要慢得多，与 12.5 至 36 的半衰期相比，在 400 天后剩余的初始 8:2 FTOH > 60 mol%。在硝酸盐还原条件下 5 天。在所有氧化还原条件下均检测到转化产物 8:2 含氟调聚物饱和和不饱和羧酸（8:2 FTCA 和 8:2 FTUA），而仅检测到 7:2 仲含氟调聚物醇 (7:2 sFTOH) 和全氟辛酸 (PFOA)在硝酸盐还原条件下观察为转化产物。此外，1H-全氟庚烷 (F(CF₂ ) ₆ CF ₂ H) 和3-F-7:3 酸(F(CF ₂ ) ₇ CFHCH ₂ COOH) 在8:2 FTOH 生物转化过程中首次被鉴定。介绍了 8:2 FTOH 的综合生物转化途径，强调了考虑氧化还原条件和相关微生物群落在评估自然环境中 PFAS 转化中的重要性。

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Biotransformation of 8:2 Fluorotelomer Alcohol in Soil from Aqueous Film-Forming Foams (AFFFs)-Impacted Sites under Nitrate-, Sulfate-, and Iron-Reducing Conditions

The environmental fate of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs) remains largely unknown, especially under the conditions representative of natural subsurface systems. In this study, the biotransformation of 8:2 fluorotelomer alcohol (8:2 FTOH), a component of new-generation AFFF formulations and a byproduct in fluorotelomer-based AFFFs, was investigated under nitrate-, iron-, and sulfate-reducing conditions in microcosms prepared with AFFF-impacted soils. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) were employed to identify biotransformation products. The biotransformation was much slower under sulfate- and iron-reducing conditions with >60 mol % of initial 8:2 FTOH remaining after ∼400 days compared to a half-life ranging from 12.5 to 36.5 days under nitrate-reducing conditions. Transformation products 8:2 fluorotelomer saturated and unsaturated carboxylic acids (8:2 FTCA and 8:2 FTUA) were detected under all redox conditions, while 7:2 secondary fluorotelomer alcohol (7:2 sFTOH) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) were only observed as transformation products under nitrate-reducing conditions. In addition, 1H-perfluoroheptane (F(CF₂)₆CF₂H) and 3-F-7:3 acid (F(CF₂)₇CFHCH₂COOH) were identified for the first time during 8:2 FTOH biotransformation. Comprehensive biotransformation pathways for 8:2 FTOH are presented, which highlight the importance of accounting for redox condition and the related microbial community in the assessment of PFAS transformations in natural environments.

更新日期：2022-09-20

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