ABSTRACT

Quinic acid is a cyclohexanecarboxylic acid contained in the extracts of several parts of medicinal plants including Haematocarpus validus, Hypericum empetrifolium, Achillea pseudoaleppica, Rumex nepalensis, Phagnalon saxatile subsp. saxatile, Coffea arabica, Ziziphus lotus L, and Artemisia annua L … etc. Currently, in vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies showed that quinic acid exhibits various biological activities, such as antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer activity, antimicrobial, antiviral, aging, protective, anti-nociceptive and analgesic effects. Indeed, QA possesses an important antibacterial effect which could be explained by the fact that this molecule modules the functions of ribosomes and the synthesis of aminoacyl-tRNAs, modifications the levels of glycerophospholipids and fatty acids and disruption of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway thereby causing interference with membrane fluidity. The antidiabetic activity of AQ is achieved by stimulation of insulin secretion via the mobilization of Ca2+ from intracellular reserves and the increase in the NAD(P)H/NAD(P)+ ratio. Its anticancer effect is through the promotion of apoptosis, inhibition of activator protein 1 (AP-1) and signaling pathways involving protein kinase C (PKC) and certain mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), resulting in the downregulation of matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) expression. Therefore, this review describes the main research work carried out on the biological properties of AQ and the mechanism of action underlying some of these effects, as well as the investigations of the main pharmacokinetic studies.

摘要

奎尼酸是一种环己烷羧酸，存在于药用植物的几个部分的提取物中，包括红果、金丝桃、蓍草、Rumex nepalensis、Phagnalon saxatile subsp。saxatile、Coffea arabica、Ziziphus lotus L、Artemisia annua L…等目前，体外和体内药理研究表明，奎尼酸具有多种生物活性，如抗氧化、抗糖尿病、抗癌、抗菌、抗病毒、抗衰老、保护、抗伤害和镇痛作用。事实上，QA 具有重要的抗菌作用，这可以通过以下事实来解释：该分子模块核糖体的功能和氨酰-tRNA 的合成，改变甘油磷脂和脂肪酸的水平，破坏氧化磷酸化途径，从而干扰膜流动性。AQ 的抗糖尿病活性是通过刺激胰岛素分泌来实现的动员来自细胞内储备的 Ca2+ 和增加 NAD(P)H/NAD(P)+ 比率。其抗癌作用是通过促进细胞凋亡、抑制激活蛋白 1 (AP-1) 和涉及蛋白激酶 C (PKC) 和某些丝裂原活化蛋白激酶 (MAPKs) 的信号通路，导致基质金属肽酶 9 的下调。 MMP-9) 表达。因此，本综述描述了对 AQ 的生物学特性和其中一些作用背后的作用机制进行的主要研究工作，以及对主要药代动力学研究的调查。