锂硫电池中的硫还原反应：机理、催化剂和表征,Advanced Energy Materials

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锂硫电池中的硫还原反应：机理、催化剂和表征
Advanced Energy Materials ( IF 24.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-09-18 , DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202202094
Lei Zhou _{1,

2} , Dmitri L. Danilov _{2,

3} , Fen Qiao ₁ , Junfeng Wang ₁ , Haitao Li ₄ , Rüdiger‐A. Eichel _{3,

5} , Peter H. L. Notten _{2,

3,

6}

Affiliation

锂硫电池具有非凡的理论比能量密度、资源丰富、环境友好和安全性高等优点，是最有前途的先进电池系统替代品之一。然而，缓慢的硫还原反应（SRR）动力学导致硫利用率低，严重阻碍了锂硫电池的电化学性能。揭示潜在的反应机制并加速 SRR 动力学至关重要。在此，综述了锂硫电池中 SRR 的关键问题。最初介绍了硫还原的转化机制和反应途径，以概述 SRR。随后，详细总结了可以加速 SRR 动力学的催化剂材料的最新进展，包括碳、金属化合物、金属、和单个原子。此外，还讨论了 SRR 的各种表征方法，可分为三类：电化学测量、光谱技术和理论计算。最后，结论与展望部分进行了总结，并提出了未来研究SRR机理和催化剂活性的几个重点。这篇综述可以提供对锂硫电池中 SRR 的前沿见解。

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Sulfur Reduction Reaction in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: Mechanisms, Catalysts, and Characterization

Lithium–sulfur batteries are one of the most promising alternatives for advanced battery systems due to the merits of extraordinary theoretical specific energy density, abundant resources, environmental friendliness, and high safety. However, the sluggish sulfur reduction reaction (SRR) kinetics results in poor sulfur utilization, which seriously hampers the electrochemical performance of Li–S batteries. It is critical to reveal the underlying reaction mechanisms and accelerate the SRR kinetics. Herein, the critical issues of SRR in Li–S batteries are reviewed. The conversion mechanisms and reaction pathways of sulfur reduction are initially introduced to give an overview of the SRR. Subsequently, recent advances in catalyst materials that can accelerate the SRR kinetics are summarized in detail, including carbon, metal compounds, metals, and single atoms. Besides, various characterization approaches for SRR are discussed, which can be divided into three categories: electrochemical measurements, spectroscopic techniques, and theoretical calculations. Finally, the conclusion and outlook part gives a summary and proposes several key points for future investigations on the mechanisms of the SRR and catalyst activities. This review can provide cutting-edge insights into the SRR in Li–S batteries.

更新日期：2022-09-18

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