Eczema herpeticum (EH) is a viral skin infection caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) superimposed on eczematous skin lesions in atopic dermatitis (AD). Though the pathogenesis of EH has yet to be fully elucidated, the fact that EH is relatively rare despite a majority of adults showing serologic evidence of HSV exposure points to a genetic component predisposing to the disease. A number of genetic variants have been isolated in EH which may help distinguish a subgroup of patients susceptible to developing the condition. These unique genetic characteristics include deficiencies in skin barrier function and hydration, as well as at the level of the immune system. In this review, we summarize the genetic findings associated with EH identified to date. Isolating genetic markers in EH will be instrumental in stratifying patients at risk for EH and will have significant implications in the development and tailoring of targeted therapies.

疱疹性湿疹（EH）是由单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）引起的病毒性皮肤感染，叠加在特应性皮炎（AD）的湿疹性皮肤病变上。尽管 EH 的发病机制尚未完全阐明，但尽管大多数成年人表现出 HSV 暴露的血清学证据，但 EH 相对罕见，这一事实表明存在易患该疾病的遗传成分。在 EH 中分离出许多遗传变异，这可能有助于区分易患该病的患者亚组。这些独特的遗传特征包括皮肤屏障功能和水合作用以及免疫系统水平的缺陷。在这篇综述中，我们总结了迄今为止发现的与 EH 相关的遗传学发现。分离 EH 中的遗传标记将有助于对 EH 风险患者进行分层，并将对靶向治疗的开发和定制产生重大影响。