激活与改变作为促进健康行为的干预策略的基础原则,Annals of Behavioral Medicine

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激活与改变作为促进健康行为的干预策略的基础原则
Annals of Behavioral Medicine ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2022-09-09 , DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaac045
Paschal Sheeran _{1,

2} , Jerry Suls ₃ , Angela Bryan ₄ , Linda Cameron ₅ , Rebecca A Ferrer ₆ , William M P Klein ₆ , Alexander J Rothman ₇

Affiliation

背景和目的干预措施可以有效地促进健康行为改变，其程度是（a）干预策略改变目标（即作用机制），以及（b）改变目标导致行为改变。为了补充表征行为干预中使用的各种策略的分类法，我们概述了一项新原则，该原则指定了策略如何修改目标，从而促进行为改变。我们区分了目标的两个维度——价值（积极与消极）和可及性（激活水平）——并表明干预策略要么通过改变人们的想法、感受或想要的价值（目标改变），要么通过提高可及性来发挥作用与行为相关的想法、感受和目标（目标激活）。方法和结果我们回顾了旨在促进目标激活的策略，发现轻推、提示提醒、目标启动、问题行为效应和如果-那么计划都可以有效地产生健康行为改变，并且它们的有效性来自于提高相关目标的可达性。我们还确定了其他几种可能至少部分通过目标激活起作用的策略（例如，自我监控、信息框架、预期后悔诱导和习惯）。结论激活与激活变革原则（AVCP）提供了一种有理论基础且简约的方法来区分干预策略。通过关注策略如何修改目标，AVCP 可以帮助干预主义者决定部署哪些干预策略以及如何在行为试验中结合不同的策略。我们概述了一个研究议程，可以进一步加强干预措施的设计和实施，以促进目标激活。

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Activation Versus Change as a Principle Underlying Intervention Strategies to Promote Health Behaviors

Background and Purpose Interventions are effective in promoting health behavior change to the extent that (a) intervention strategies modify targets (i.e., mechanisms of action), and (b) modifying targets leads to changes in behavior. To complement taxonomies that characterize the variety of strategies used in behavioral interventions, we outline a new principle that specifies how strategies modify targets and thereby promote behavior change. We distinguish two dimensions of targets—value (positive vs. negative) and accessibility (activation level)—and show that intervention strategies operate either by altering the value of what people think, feel, or want (target change) or by heightening the accessibility of behavior-related thoughts, feelings, and goals (target activation). Methods and Results We review strategies designed to promote target activation and find that nudges, cue-reminders, goal priming, the question-behavior effect, and if-then planning are each effective in generating health behavior change, and that their effectiveness accrues from heightened accessibility of relevant targets. We also identify several other strategies that may operate, at least in part, via target activation (e.g., self-monitoring, message framing, anticipated regret inductions, and habits). Conclusions The Activation Vs. Change Principle (AVCP) offers a theoretically grounded and parsimonious means of distinguishing among intervention strategies. By focusing on how strategies modify targets, the AVCP can aid interventionists in deciding which intervention strategies to deploy and how to combine different strategies in behavioral trials. We outline a research agenda that could serve to further enhance the design and delivery of interventions to promote target activation.

更新日期：2022-09-09

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