Among human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-associated disorders, celiac disease has an immunopathogenesis that is particularly well understood. The condition is characterized by hypersensitivity to cereal gluten proteins, and the disease lesion is localized in the gut. Still, the diagnosis can be made by detection of highly disease-specific autoantibodies to transglutaminase 2 in the blood. We now have mechanistic insights into how the disease-predisposing HLA-DQ molecules, via presentation of posttranslationally modified gluten peptides, are connected to the generation of these autoantibodies. This review presents our current understanding of the immunobiology of this common disorder that is positioned in the border zone between food hypersensitivity and autoimmunity.

中文翻译：

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乳糜泻的免疫生物学和发病机制


在人类白细胞抗原 （HLA） 相关疾病中，乳糜泻的免疫发病机制特别清楚。该病症的特点是对谷物面筋蛋白过敏，疾病病变局限于肠道。尽管如此，可以通过检测血液中针对转谷氨酰胺酶 2 的高度疾病特异性自身抗体来做出诊断。我们现在对易患疾病的 HLA-DQ 分子如何通过翻译后修饰的麸质肽的呈递与这些自身抗体的产生联系起来有了机制见解。这篇综述介绍了我们目前对这种常见疾病的免疫生物学的理解，该疾病位于食物过敏和自身免疫之间的边界区域。