蓍草（布兰科）本斯。众所周知，植物可以合成当今可用于调香剂颗粒的珍贵和最有价值的精油。由于其在印度尼西亚等东南亚国家的产量有限，高需求一直是生产国面临的挑战。为满足市场需求，CSIR-CIMAP开发了一种高精油产量广藿香品种。CIM-Utkrisht 在印度种植。由于该品种具有独特的精油指纹，此外，由于广藿香更被接受为许多香水制剂的成分，因此很少研究挥发油的生物作用，特别是抗炎作用。我们研究了从植物干燥地上部分获得的精油的抗菌和抗炎潜力。与载体对照相比，广藿香精油处理的细胞的抗炎活性 (TNF-α) 显着降低 (p < 0.05)。精油对五种选定的微生物表现出体外抗菌活性，即，白色念珠菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和糠秕分枝杆菌。特别是，干燥 14 天获得的精油对糠秕孢子菌表现出最有效的作用（区域抑制，16.0 ± 3.0） 。GC-FID、GC/-MS 和 NMR 研究显示存在一系列倍半萜类化合物，例如姜黄烯（γ-姜黄烯；22.0–25.0% 和ar-姜黄烯；1.3–3.1%）、7-表-顺式- 倍半萜水合物（0.3–0.5%）、以及一些愈创木类倍半萜类化合物，如 guaia-1(5)-11-dien-3-ol (1.5–4.6%)、guaia-11-en-5-ol (0.1–0.2%)、guaia-4(5) -11-dien-6-ol (0.6–0.9%)、guaia-1(10)-11-dien-9-one (0.4–1.2%) 和 guaia-1(10)-11-dien-9-one -8-醇 (1.4–1.6%)。目前的工作是第一次报道来自Pogostemon属的红没药烷型倍半萜类化合物具有高 γ-姜黄烯 (22.0–25.0%)。作为现代香水中备受推崇的基本成分，广藿香油经常掺入非挥发性成分以符合市场需求。我们在此首次报告了基于同步热重分析的检测方法，用于鉴定广藿香精油。
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Chemical investigation and biological activities of Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth) essential oil
Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. plant is known to synthesize the precious and most valuable essential oil available today on perfumers pellet. Because of its limited production in South East Asian countries like Indonesia, the high demand is always a challenge for the producing countries. In order to meet the market demand, CSIR-CIMAP has developed a high essential oil yielding patchouli var. CIM-Utkrisht for cultivation in India. Since the variety possessed a unique fingerprint of essential oil, furthermore, due to patchouli’s more acceptance as ingredients of many perfume preparations, the volatile oils are rarely investigated for biological action, anti-inflammatory, in particular. We investigated the essential oils obtained from dried aerial parts of the plant for their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory potential. The anti-inflammatory activity (TNF-α) was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in patchouli essential oil treated cells as compared to vehicle control. Essential oil exhibited In-vitro antimicrobial activity against five selected microorganisms’ viz., C. albicans, S. typhimurium, S. aureus, E. coli, and M. furfur. In particular, essential oil obtained from 14 days of drying showed the most potent action (zone inhibition, 16.0 ± 3.0) against M. furfur. The GC-FID, GC/-MS and NMR investigations revealed presence of an array of sesquiterpenoids such as curcumenes (γ-curcumene; 22.0–25.0% & ar-curcumene; 1.3–3.1%), 7-epi-cis-sesquisabinene hydrate (0.3–0.5%), and some guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids like guaia-1(5)-11-dien-3-ol (1.5–4.6%), guaia-11-en-5-ol (0.1–0.2%), guaia-4(5)-11-dien-6-ol (0.6–0.9%), guaia-1(10)-11-dien-9-one (0.4–1.2%) and guaia-1(10)-11-dien-9-one-8-ol (1.4–1.6%). The current work is the first report of bisabolane-type sesquiterpenoids from the genus Pogostemon with high γ-curcumene (22.0–25.0%). Being a highly esteemed basic ingredient of modern perfumery, the patchouli oil is frequently adulterated with non-volatiles compositions to comply with the market demands. We report herein simultaneous thermo-gravimetric analysis-based detection method for authentication of patchouli essential oils for the first time.
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