Seed health is an indispensable prerequisite of food security. While the toolkit of plant protection products is currently limited, evidence suggests that the seed microbiome could protect seeds from pathogens. Thus, given their possible disease suppressive potential, we tested 11 different pathosystems to achieve the following proof-of-concept: seed microbiomes can be beneficial for seed health through conferring disease suppression. This study focused on beetroot, onion, spinach, pepper, coriander, red fescue and perennial ryegrass seeds, with each crop being challenged with one or two from a total of six pathogens, namely Pythium ultimum (or a Pythium sp.), Setophoma terrestris, Fusarium oxysporum, Phytophthora capsici, Laetisaria fuciformis and a mix of Puccinia sp. isolates. Each seed lot of each crop was tested with and without treatment with a disinfectant as a proxy for comparing intact seed microbiomes with seed microbiomes after partial elimination by disinfection. We found disease suppression in two pathosystems. Beetroot and spinach seed lots were able to suppress disease caused by P. ultimum when their microbiomes were intact but not after seed disinfection. We speculate that this relates to the microorganisms residing on and in the seed. Yet, seed microbiome disease suppression was not found in all pathosystems, highlighting the variation in seed morphology, plant cultivars, pathogens and seed disinfection treatments. A holistic understanding of the characteristics of seeds that harbour suppressive microbiomes as well as the pathogens that are sensitive to suppression could lead to more targeted and informed seed processing and treatment and, consequently, to the sustainable management of seedling diseases.

种子健康是粮食安全不可或缺的先决条件。虽然植物保护产品的工具包目前有限，但有证据表明种子微生物组可以保护种子免受病原体侵害。因此，考虑到它们可能的疾病抑制潜力，我们测试了 11 种不同的病理系统以实现以下概念验证：种子微生物组可以通过抑制疾病对种子健康有益。这项研究的重点是甜菜根、洋葱、菠菜、胡椒、香菜、红羊茅和多年生黑麦草种子，每种作物都受到总共六种病原体中的一种或两种的挑战，即终极腐霉（或腐霉属）、Setophoma terrestris ,尖孢镰刀菌,Phytophthora capsici、Laetisaria fuciformis和Puccinia sp. 的混合物。隔离。在使用和不使用消毒剂处理的情况下，对每种作物的每个种子批次进行测试，作为比较完整种子微生物组与通过消毒部分消除后的种子微生物组的替代方法。我们在两个病理系统中发现了疾病抑制。甜菜根和菠菜种子批次能够抑制由P. ultimum引起的疾病当他们的微生物组完好无损但种子消毒后不完整时。我们推测这与驻留在种子表面和内部的微生物有关。然而，并未在所有病理系统中发现种子微生物组疾病抑制，这突出了种子形态、植物品种、病原体和种子消毒处理的差异。全面了解含有抑制性微生物组的种子以及对抑制敏感的病原体的特征，可能会导致更有针对性和更明智的种子加工和处理，从而实现幼苗病害的可持续管理。