The growth of high-quality tin-based perovskite films remains a grand challenge due to uncontrollable crystallization kinetics. Here, we report a facile strategy to realize an epitaxial-like growth of highly oriented tin-based perovskite films with the assistance of perovskite quantum dots (PQDs). Synchrotron-based in situ X-ray scattering results reveal that PQDs can act as nucleation centers to promote the growth of highly oriented perovskite crystals for both FASnI₃ and MASnI₃ systems. Remarkably, the degree of lattice strain can be readily modulated by tuning the lattice mismatch between various PQDs and bulk perovskites, thus reducing defect density and improving efficiencies. The efficiency of MASnI₃ PSCs with PQDs has been pushed to 12.49%, which is the highest of this type reported so far. Furthermore, the film and device stability are enhanced owing to the improved film quality and the protection of hydrophobic ligands from PQDs.

中文翻译：

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用钙钛矿量子点调节无铅钙钛矿的结晶动力学和晶格应变

由于不可控的结晶动力学，高质量锡基钙钛矿薄膜的生长仍然是一个巨大的挑战。在这里，我们报告了一种简单的策略，可以在钙钛矿量子点 (PQD) 的帮助下实现高度取向的锡基钙钛矿薄膜的类外延生长。基于同步加速器的原位 X 射线散射结果表明，PQD 可以作为成核中心促进 FASnI ₃和 MASnI ₃系统的高取向钙钛矿晶体的生长。值得注意的是，通过调整各种 PQD 和块状钙钛矿之间的晶格失配，可以很容易地调节晶格应变的程度，从而降低缺陷密度并提高效率。MASnI _3的效率具有 PQD 的 PSC 已被推至 12.49%，这是迄今为止报告的此类最高。此外，由于改善了薄膜质量和保护疏水配体免受 PQD 的影响，薄膜和器件的稳定性得到了增强。