In lithium-sulfur batteries, cell design, specifically electrolyte design, has a key impact on the battery performance. Development of sulfolane based electrolytes may grant the use of more available lithium salts such as LiClO₄, LiPF₆ and LiBF₄, which are typically not preferred in lithium-sulfur batteries due to their reactive anions. Herein, in order to assess the reactivity of lithium polysulfides with various dimensions (with different lengths of the polysulfide chain) towards the anions of lithium electrolyte salts, the cycling of lithium-sulfur cells with 1 M solutions of LiPF₆, LiBF₄, and LiClO₄ in sulfolane is studied in a wide (1.5–2.8 V) and narrow (limited) voltage ranges, corresponding to the high-voltage (2.1–2.8 V) and low-voltage (2.3–1.5 V) plateaus on the discharge curves. It is shown that the electrochemical characteristics of lithium-sulfur cells with sulfolane based electrolytes of lithium perchlorate and lithium hexafluorophosphate differ significantly from those for sulfolane electrolyte based on lithium tetrafluoroborate. We believe that these differences are due to the direct chemical interaction of lithium polysulfides with the BF₄⁻ anion, which is confirmed by chronopotentiometry, ⁷Li and ¹¹B NMR spectra, UV–Vis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of sulfolane solutions of the studied lithium salts, saturated with lithium polysulfides.

在锂硫电池中，电池设计，特别是电解液设计，对电池性能有关键影响。开发基于环丁砜的电解质可能会允许使用更多可用的锂盐，例如 LiClO ₄、LiPF ₆和 LiBF ₄，由于它们的活性阴离子，它们通常在锂硫电池中不优选。在此，为了评估不同尺寸的多硫化锂（具有不同长度的多硫化物链）对锂电解质盐阴离子的反应性，使用 1 M 的 LiPF ₆、LiBF ₄和氯化锂₄环丁砜在宽（1.5-2.8 V）和窄（有限）电压范围内进行研究，对应于放电曲线上的高压（2.1-2.8 V）和低压（2.3-1.5 V）平台。结果表明，使用基于环丁砜的高氯酸锂和六氟磷酸锂电解液的锂硫电池的电化学特性与基于四氟硼酸锂的环丁砜电解液的电化学特性显着不同。我们认为这些差异是由于多硫化锂与 BF ₄ ^-阴离子的直接化学相互作用，这通过计时电位法、⁷ Li 和^{11得到证实}研究的锂盐的环丁砜溶液的 B NMR 光谱、UV-Vis 和电化学阻抗谱，用多硫化锂饱和。