Bacteria can bypass the blood-brain barrier (BBB), suggesting the possibility of employment of bacteria for combating central nervous system diseases. Herein, we develop a bacteria-based drug delivery system for glioblastoma (GBM) photothermal immunotherapy. The system, which we name as ‘Trojan bacteria’, consists of bacteria loaded with glucose polymer and photosensitive ICG silicon-nanoparticles. In an orthotopic GBM mouse model, we demonstrate that the intravenously injected bacteria bypass the BBB, targeting and penetrating GBM tissues. Upon 808 nm-laser irradiation, the photothermal effects produced by ICG allow the destruction of bacterial cells and the adjacent tumour cells. Furthermore, the bacterial debris as well as the tumour-associated antigens promote antitumor immune responses that prolong the survival of GBM-bearing mice. Moreover, we demonstrate the residual bacteria are effectively eliminated from the body, supporting the potential therapeutic use of this system.

细菌可以绕过血脑屏障 (BBB)，这表明使用细菌来对抗中枢神经系统疾病的可能性。在此，我们开发了一种用于胶质母细胞瘤 (GBM) 光热免疫疗法的基于细菌的药物输送系统。该系统被我们命名为“特洛伊细菌”，由载有葡萄糖聚合物和光敏 ICG 硅纳米颗粒的细菌组成。在原位 GBM 小鼠模型中，我们证明静脉注射的细菌绕过 BBB，靶向并穿透 GBM 组织。在 808 nm 激光照射下，ICG 产生的光热效应可以破坏细菌细胞和邻近的肿瘤细胞。此外，细菌碎片以及肿瘤相关抗原会促进抗肿瘤免疫反应，从而延长携带 GBM 小鼠的存活时间。而且，