<br>生物炭介导的卤代有机污染物的非生物和生物降解 – 综述,Science of the Total Environment

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生物炭介导的卤代有机污染物的非生物和生物降解 – 综述
Science of the Total Environment ( IF 8.2 ) Pub Date : 2022-08-31 , DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158381
Mariah Dorner ₁ , Srinidhi Lokesh ₂ , Yu Yang ₂ , Sebastian Behrens ₃

Affiliation

全球人口、城市化和农业生产的持续增长正在给水资源带来更大的压力，尤其是在农业、工业和医药中化学品的使用为水处理和再利用带来了新的挑战。有机卤素化合物是持久性污染物，通常逃避当前的废水处理技术，导致它们在环境中积累，对生态系统健康构成严重威胁。将热原碳理解为电子穿梭和储存材料的最新进展揭示了它们在增强土壤、沉积物、地表水和废水系统中有机卤化物污染物脱卤和整体降解的潜力。生物炭是在生物质原料在很少或没有氧气的存在下进行热化学分解（热解）过程中产生的多孔碳质材料。对生物炭应用于环境修复的兴趣主要基于其三个明显的好处：I）碳封存以抵消温室气体排放，II）吸附（在）有机污染物和营养物质，以及 III）强大的电子交换能力。由于生物炭材料固有的复杂性，存在多种电子转移机制，生物炭可以通过这些机制介导污染物降解。这些电子转移途径包括通过氧化还原活性官能团的电子接受和供体循环，以及通过导电碳基质的直接电子转移。这些机制导致生物炭参与多种氧化还原驱动的生物地球化学转化，并已证实对有效的有机卤素修复产生影响。本文献综述总结了目前关于生物炭在各种环境条件下直接或间接介导有机卤素化合物转化的机制和过程的知识。还讨论了生物炭未来应用于靶向修复策略的前景和研究方向。

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Biochar-mediated abiotic and biotic degradation of halogenated organic contaminants – A review

Prevailing global increases in population, urbanization, and agricultural production are causing increased pressures on water resources, especially as the use of chemicals in agriculture, industry, and medicine provide new challenges for water treatment and reuse. Organohalogen compounds are persistent contaminants that often evade current wastewater treatment technologies, resulting in their accumulation in the environment and posing a serious threat to ecosystem health. Recent advances in understanding pyrogenic carbons as electron shuttling and storing materials have exposed their potential for enhancing the dehalogenation and overall degradation of organohalide contaminants in soil, sediment, surface water, and wastewater systems. Biochar is a porous carbonaceous material produced during the thermochemical decomposition of biomass feedstock in the presence of little or no oxygen (pyrolysis). Interest in biochar for application towards environmental remediation is largely based on its three distinct benefits: I) carbon sequestration to offset greenhouse gas emissions, II) adsorption of (in-) organic contaminants and nutrients, and III) a strong electron exchange capacity. Due to the innate complexity of biochar materials, several electron transfer mechanisms exist by which biochar may mediate contaminant degradation. These electron transfer pathways include electron-accepting and donating cycles through redox-active functional groups and direct electron transfer via conductive carbon matrices. These mechanisms are responsible for biochar's participation in multiple redox-driven biogeochemical transformations with proven consequences for effective organohalogen remediation. This literature review summarizes the current knowledge on the mechanisms and processes through which biochar can directly or indirectly mediate the transformation of organohalogen compounds under various environmental conditions. Perspectives and research directions for future application of biochars for targeted remediation strategies are also discussed.

更新日期：2022-08-31

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