Background

Securinine is an alkaloid identified from the roots and leaves of the shrub Flueggea suffruticosa (Pall.) Baill. The molecular structure of securinine consists of four rings, including three chiral centers. It has been suggested that securinine can be chemically synthesized from tyrosine and lysine. Securinine has long been used to treat central nervous system diseases. In recent years, more and more evidence shows that securinine also has anticancer activity, which has not been systematically discussed and analyzed.

Purpose

This study aims to propose an overall framework to describe the molecular targets of securinine in different signal pathways, and discuss the current status and prospects of each pathway, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the development securinine as an effective anticancer drug.

Methods

The research databases on the anticancer activity of securinine from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and ScienceDirect to 2021 were systematically searched. This paper follows the Preferred Reporting Items and Meta-Analysis guidelines.

Results

Securinine has the ability to kill a variety of human cancer cells, including, leukemia as well as prostate, cervical, breast, lung, and colon cancer cells. It can regulate the signal pathways of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin, Wnt and Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription, promote cancer cell apoptosis and autophagy, and inhibit cancer cell metastasis. Securinine also has the activity of inducing leukemia cell differentiation.

Conclusion

Although there has been some experimental evidence indicating the anticancer effect of securinine and its possible pharmacology, in order to design more effective anticancer drugs, it is necessary to study the synergy of intracellular signaling pathways. More in vivo experiments and even clinical studies are needed, and the synergy between securinine and other drugs is also worth studying.

中文翻译：

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securinine及其分子靶点的潜在抗癌活性

背景

Securinine 是一种从灌木Flueggea suffruticosa ( Pall.) Baill的根和叶中鉴定出的生物碱。securinine的分子结构由四个环组成，包括三个手性中心。有人提出可以从酪氨酸和赖氨酸化学合成叶氨酸。丝氨酸长期以来一直用于治疗中枢神经系统疾病。近年来，越来越多的证据表明，丝氨酸也具有抗癌活性，但尚未得到系统的讨论和分析。

目的

本研究旨在提出一个整体框架来描述不同信号通路中的苏氨酸的分子靶点，并讨论各通路的现状和前景，从而为苏氨酸作为一种有效的抗癌药物的开发提供理论依据。

方法

系统检索了 PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science 和 ScienceDirect 至 2021 年关于丝氨酸抗癌活性的研究数据库。本文遵循首选报告项目和元分析指南。

结果

丝氨酸具有杀死多种人类癌细胞的能力，包括白血病以及前列腺、宫颈癌、乳腺癌、肺癌和结肠癌细胞。可调节磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶/蛋白激酶B/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白、Wnt和Janus激酶-信号转导和转录激活因子的信号通路，促进癌细胞凋亡和自噬，抑制癌细胞转移。丝氨酸还具有诱导白血病细胞分化的活性。

结论

尽管已经有一些实验证据表明了丝氨酸的抗癌作用及其可能的药理作用，但为了设计更有效的抗癌药物，有必要研究细胞内信号通路的协同作用。还需要更多的体内实验甚至临床研究，而苏氨酸与其他药物的协同作用也值得研究。