藏红花素分子信号通路一目了然：综合综述,Phytotherapy Research

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藏红花素分子信号通路一目了然：综合综述
Phytotherapy Research ( IF 6.1 ) Pub Date : 2022-08-21 , DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7583
Motahareh Boozari ₁ , Hossein Hosseinzadeh _{2,

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Affiliation

番红花素是一种亲水性类胡萝卜素，在番红花的花中合成属。许多关于藏红花素的生物学和药理特性以及毒性的体外和体内研究项目已经发表。藏红花素可作为记忆增强剂、抗焦虑药、壮阳药、抗抑郁药、神经保护药等。在这里，我们基于先前研究和文献中提到的对藏红花素分子机制进行了更新和全面的回顾。不同的研究证实了藏红花素对控制病理状况的显着作用，包括氧化应激、炎症、代谢紊乱、神经退行性疾病和癌症。藏红花素的神经保护作用可能与磷脂酰肌醇 3-激酶/蛋白激酶 B (PI3K/AKT)/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白 (mTOR)、Notch 和环 AMP 反应元件结合蛋白信号通路的激活有关。藏红花素还通过对toll样受体的抑制作用来保护心血管系统。藏红花素对PI3K/AKT/mTOR、AMP活化蛋白激酶、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）和过氧化物酶体增殖物活化受体通路的调节作用，可在代谢紊乱的治疗中发挥有效作用。藏红花素通过 PI3K/AKT/mTOR、MAPK、血管内皮生长因子、Wnt/β-连环蛋白和 Janus 激酶-信号转导和转录抑制激活剂具有抗癌活性。此外，核因子-红细胞因子2相关因子2和p53信号通路激活可能对藏红花素的抗癌作用有效。最后，在藏红花素调控的信号通路中，最重要的似乎是那些与对 PI3K/AKT/mTOR 通路的调节作用有关的信号通路。

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Crocin molecular signaling pathways at a glance: A comprehensive review

Crocin is a hydrophilic carotenoid that is synthesized in the flowers of the Crocus genus. Numerous in vitro and in vivo research projects have been published about the biological and pharmacological properties and toxicity of crocin. Crocin acts as a memory enhancer, anxiolytic, aphrodisiac, antidepressant, neuroprotective, and so on. Here, we introduce an updated and comprehensive review of crocin molecular mechanisms based on previously examined and mentioned in the literature. Different studies confirmed the significant effect of crocin to control pathological conditions, including oxidative stress, inflammation, metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. The neuroprotective effect of crocin could be related to the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), Notch, and cyclic-AMP response element-binding protein signaling pathways. The crocin also protects the cardiovascular system through the inhibitory effect on toll-like receptors. The regulatory effect of crocin on PI3K/AKT/mTOR, AMP-activated protein kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor pathways can play an effective role in the treatment of metabolic disorders. The crocin has anticancer activity through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK, vascular endothelial growth factor, Wnt/β-catenin, and Janus kinases-signal transducer and activator of transcription suppression. Also, the nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 and p53 signaling pathway activation may be effective in the anticancer effect of crocin. Finally, among signaling pathways regulated by crocin, the most important ones seem to be those related to the regulatory effect on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

更新日期：2022-08-21

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