A comprehensive GC–MS based metabolome analysis was conducted by analyzing the differential solvent derivatized extracts of leaves of male and female seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L. and H. salicifolia D.Don) plants collected from three diverse regions of the Indian Himalayas, namely Himachal Pradesh, Union Territory of Ladakh, and Uttarakhand. The quantified peak intensity of metabolites was matched with the standard compounds present in the different libraries of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, including NIST14, NIST14s, and Wiley8. Multivariate analysis tools, PLS-DA and VIP plots, provided a comparative analysis of gender-based metabolomic diversity prevailing in the different geographical regions. The GC–MS profiling and PLS-DA supervised approach revealed 58 metabolites, of which 25 metabolites were considered as significant at Variable Importance Projection (VIP > 1, p < 0.05). The PLS-DA-VIP plot revealed marked expression of 21 crucial metabolites in H. rhamnoides female collections from Himachal Pradesh comparative to only two metabolites in male collections. Nineteen metabolites were highly expressed in H. rhamnoides female samples from Union Territory of Ladakh comparative to only seven metabolites highly expressed in the male collections. Similarly, 20 metabolites were over-expressed in H. salicifolia female collections from Uttarakhand regions comparative to four metabolites in the male collection. An overall higher expression of metabolites was observed in the female collections compared to male collections representing different regions. The comprehensive comparative metabolome analysis allowed the identification of gender-specific and region-specific metabolomic discriminators. The findings of the present study provide valuable information for the identification of crucial metabolites in male and female collections of seabuckthorn, useful for their industrial applications.

通过分析雄性和雌性沙棘叶的差异溶剂衍生提取物（Hippophae rhamnoides L. 和H. salicifoliaD.Don) 植物采集自印度喜马拉雅山的三个不同地区，即喜马偕尔邦、拉达克联合领地和北阿坎德邦。代谢物的量化峰强度与美国国家标准与技术研究院不同库中的标准化合物相匹配，包括 NIST14、NIST14s 和 Wiley8。多元分析工具 PLS-DA 和 VIP 图对不同地理区域普遍存在的基于性别的代谢组学多样性进行了比较分析。GC-MS 分析和 PLS-DA 监督方法揭示了 58 种代谢物，其中 25 种代谢物在变量重要性投影中被认为是显着的（VIP > 1，p  < 0.05）。PLS-DA-VIP 图显示沙棘中 21 种关键代谢物的显着表达来自喜马偕尔邦的女性收藏品与男性收藏品中只有两种代谢物相比。19 种代谢物在来自拉达克联合领土的H. rhamnoides女性样本中高度表达，而男性样本中只有 7 种代谢物高度表达。同样，20 种代谢物在H. salicifolia中过度表达来自北阿坎德邦地区的女性收藏品与男性收藏品中的四种代谢物相比。与代表不同地区的男性集合相比，在女性集合中观察到代谢物的总体表达更高。全面的比较代谢组分析允许识别特定性别和特定区域的代谢组学鉴别器。本研究的结果为鉴定雄性和雌性沙棘中的关键代谢物提供了有价值的信息，有助于它们的工业应用。