The use of non-toxic or less-toxic solvents in the mass production of solution-processed perovskite solar cells is essential. However, halide perovskites are generally not completely soluble in most non-toxic solvents. Here we report the deposition of dense and uniform α-formamidinium lead triiodide (α-FAPbI₃) films using perovskite precursor solutions dissolved in ethanol-based solvent. The process does not require an antisolvent dripping step. The combination of a Lewis base, such as dimethylacetamide (or dimethylsulfoxide), and an alkylammonium chloride (RNH₃Cl) in ethanol results in the stable solvation of FAPbI₃. The RNH₃Cl added to the FAPbI₃ precursor solution is removed during spin-coating and high-temperature annealing via iodoplumbate complexes, such as PbI₂·RNH₂ and PbI₂·HCl, coordinated with dimethylacetamide (or dimethylsulfoxide). It is possible to form very dense and uniform α-FAPbI₃ perovskite films with high crystallinity by combining several types of RNH₃Cl. We obtain power conversion efficiencies of 24.3% using a TiO₂ electrode, and of 25.1% with a SnO₂ electrode.

在溶液处理的钙钛矿太阳能电池的大规模生产中使用无毒或毒性较小的溶剂是必不可少的。然而，卤化物钙钛矿通常不完全溶于大多数无毒溶剂。在这里，我们报告了使用溶解在乙醇基溶剂中的钙钛矿前体溶液沉积致密且均匀的 α-甲脒三碘化铅 (α-FAPbI _{3 ) 薄膜。}该方法不需要抗溶剂滴注步骤。路易斯碱（例如二甲基乙酰胺（或二甲亚砜））和烷基氯化铵（RNH ₃ Cl）在乙醇中的组合导致 FAPbI ₃的稳定溶剂化。RNH ₃ Cl 添加到 FAPbI ₃在旋涂和高温退火过程中，前体溶液通过与二甲基乙酰胺（或二甲基亚砜）配位的PbI ₂ ·RNH ₂和 PbI _{2 ·HCl 等碘铅酸盐配合物去除。}通过组合几种类型的RNH ₃ Cl ，可以形成非常致密且均匀的具有高结晶度的α-FAPbI _{3钙钛矿薄膜。}我们使用 TiO ₂电极获得了 24.3% 的功率转换效率，使用 SnO ₂电极获得了 25.1% 的功率转换效率。