使用游离阿霉素-碘油乳剂(游离 DOX/L)的经动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)是不适合根治性治疗的晚期肝细胞癌(HCC)患者的首选临床治疗;然而,其较差的胶体稳定性不仅大大降低了其肿瘤滞留,而且还加速了药物释放到血液循环中,导致临床效果欠佳。在这里,我们发现携带多柔比星 (Ps-DOX) 的二硫化物交联聚合物囊体与碘油 (Ps-DOX/L) 形成超稳定且均质的油包水微乳液。Ps-DOX/L 微乳液的尺寸可调,范围从 14 到 44 μm,具体取决于 Ps-DOX 的量,在 2 个月的储存和离心过程中保持稳定,并且在 15 天内表现出几乎零级的 DOX 释放。值得注意的是,Ps-DOX 诱导了 2.3-13。在所有测试的大鼠、鼠和人肝肿瘤细胞中,其抑制活性比游离 DOX 高 4 倍,这可能是由于其有效的氧化还原触发的细胞内药物释放。有趣的是,在原位大鼠 N1S1 同基因 HCC 模型中经动脉给药 Ps-DOX/L 微乳显示全身 DOX 暴露最小、肝脏 DOX 滞留时间长、完全消除肿瘤、有效抑制血管生成和消除不良反应,显着优于临床使用的自由DOX/L 乳剂。这种对多柔比星-碘油微乳的智能聚合体稳定化为晚期肿瘤提供了一种新的 TACE 策略。在原位大鼠 N1S1 同基因 HCC 模型中经动脉给药 Ps-DOX/L 微乳显示全身 DOX 暴露最小,肝脏 DOX 保留时间长且高,完全消除肿瘤,有效抑制血管生成,并消除不良反应,显着优于临床使用的游离 DOX/ l 乳液。这种对多柔比星-碘油微乳的智能聚合体稳定化为晚期肿瘤提供了一种新的 TACE 策略。在原位大鼠 N1S1 同基因 HCC 模型中经动脉给药 Ps-DOX/L 微乳显示全身 DOX 暴露最小,肝脏 DOX 保留时间长且高,完全消除肿瘤,有效抑制血管生成,并消除不良反应,显着优于临床使用的游离 DOX/ l 乳液。这种对多柔比星-碘油微乳的智能聚合体稳定化为晚期肿瘤提供了一种新的 TACE 策略。
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Polymersome-stabilized doxorubicin-lipiodol emulsions for high-efficacy chemoembolization therapy
Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with free doxorubicin-lipiodol emulsions (free DOX/L) is a favored clinical treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients ineligible for radical therapies; however, its inferior colloidal stability not only greatly reduces its tumor retention but also hastens drug release into blood circulation, leading to suboptimal clinical outcomes. Here, we find that disulfide-crosslinked polymersomes carrying doxorubicin (Ps-DOX) form super-stable and homogenous water-in-oil microemulsions with lipiodol (Ps-DOX/L). Ps-DOX/L microemulsions had tunable sizes ranging from 14 to 44 μm depending on the amount of Ps-DOX, were stable over 2 months storage as well as centrifugation, and exhibited nearly zero-order DOX release within 15 days. Of note, Ps-DOX induced 2.3–13.4 fold better inhibitory activity in all tested rat, murine and human liver tumor cells than free DOX likely due to its efficient redox-triggered intracellular drug release. Interestingly, transarterial administration of Ps-DOX/L microemulsions in orthotopic rat N1S1 syngeneic HCC model showed minimal systemic DOX exposure, high and long hepatic DOX retention, complete tumor elimination, effective inhibition of angiogenesis, and depleted adverse effects, significantly outperforming clinically used free DOX/L emulsions. This smart polymersome stabilization of doxorubicin-lipiodol microemulsions provides a novel TACE strategy for advanced tumors.