The Arctic Ocean's Beaufort Gyre is a dominant feature of the Arctic system, a prominent indicator of climate change, and possibly a control factor for high-latitude climate. The state of knowledge of the wind-driven Beaufort Gyre is reviewed here, including its forcing, relationship to sea-ice cover, source waters, circulation, and energetics. Recent decades have seen pronounced change in all elements of the Beaufort Gyre system. Sea-ice losses have accompanied an intensification of the gyre circulation and increasing heat and freshwater content. Present understanding of these changes is evaluated, and time series of heat and freshwater content are updated to include the most recent observations.

中文翻译：

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北冰洋的波弗特环流


北冰洋的波弗特环流是北极系统的主要特征，是气候变化的重要指标，也可能是高纬度气候的控制因素。本文回顾了风驱动波弗特环流的知识状况，包括其强迫、与海冰覆盖、水源、环流和能量的关系。近几十年来，波弗特环流系统的所有要素都发生了显着的变化。海冰损失伴随着环流循环的加剧以及热量和淡水含量的增加。评估目前对这些变化的理解，并更新热量和淡水含量的时间序列以包括最新的观测结果。