Cancer diagnosis and treatment constitute profoundly stressful experiences involving unique and common challenges that generate uncertainty, fear, and emotional distress. Individuals with cancer must cope with multiple stressors, from the point of diagnosis through surgical and adjuvant treatments and into survivorship, that require substantial psychological and physiological adaptation. This can take a toll on quality of life and well-being and may also promote cellular and molecular changes that can exacerbate physical symptoms and facilitate tumor growth and metastasis, thereby contributing to negative long-term health outcomes. Since modifying responses tostressors might improve psychological and physiological adaptation, quality of life, and clinical health outcomes, several randomized controlled trials have tested interventions that aim to facilitate stress management. We review evidence for the effects of stress management interventions on psychological and physiological adaptation and health outcomes in cancer patients and survivors and summarize emerging research in the field to address unanswered questions.

中文翻译：

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压力管理干预，以促进癌症患者和幸存者的心理和生理适应以及最佳健康结果


癌症诊断和治疗构成了巨大的压力经历，涉及独特而常见的挑战，这些挑战会产生不确定性、恐惧和情绪困扰。癌症患者必须应对多种压力源，从诊断到手术和辅助治疗，再到生存，这需要大量的心理和生理适应。这可能会对生活质量和福祉造成影响，还可能促进细胞和分子变化，从而加剧身体症状并促进肿瘤生长和转移，从而导致负面的长期健康结果。由于改变对压力源的反应可能会改善心理和生理适应、生活质量和临床健康结果，因此几项随机对照试验已经测试了旨在促进压力管理的干预措施。我们回顾了压力管理干预对癌症患者和幸存者心理和生理适应以及健康结果影响的证据，并总结了该领域的新兴研究以解决未解之谜。